Learning outcome 2 Flashcards
2.1 Differentiate between linear, iterative, and hybrid lifecycles
SCOPE
SCOPE in LINEAR L/C is FIRMLY defined at the end of DEFINITION to provide clarity and firmly set the TCQ constraints. This is as there is more certainty in the environment of which the project is set. This allows for the minimisation and mitigation of issue and risk.
SCOPE in the ITERATIVE L/C is not firmly defined as it better suits the situation of the changing environment. Although this may carry more uncertainty it allows for the adjustment of QUALITY and SCOPE
DELIVERY OF PRODUCT
In LLC the FINAL deliverable is ready for deployment at the end of development phase, the deliverable will have met all the SUCCESS and ACCEPTANCE criteria’s set out by the USER having gone through QUALITY management process and FORMAL sign off.
In ILC the MVP will be delivered at the end of the first iteration. It will then go through a process of iterative development cycles until the USER is satisfied with the product and can be incorporated into regular operations after being signed off.
LESSONS LEARNED
Feed back in the LLC is acquired at gate reviews and fed back into the process of DEPLOYMENT it aids in helping to achieve better processes moving forward in the project.
Feed back in the ILC is acquired during the evolutionary development of the solution. Gaining feedback at the end of each iteration provides the ability to understand its function and improve the product on the next iteration.
2.2 Explain why projects are structured into phases in a linear life cycle
WHAT- PHASE REVIEWS
WHEN- At the end of each phase
WHO- PSB, PM, SPONSER
HOW- Interaction with PSB
WHY- Provide natural chances to review the viability of the project, checking the business case against obj’ and benefits.
The chance to address any ISSUES or RISK that has arisen.
Provide better stakeholder engagement to allow informed decisions such as GO-NO GO ones.
Provides Snr Stakeholder confidence and buy in that the project is meeting all governance assurance obj’s.
WHAT- PLANNING RESOURCES
WHEN- Definitions, Deployment
WHO-PM
HOW- Allows for detailed sensible planning
WHY- When a project is structured into phases it allows the PM to develop a more precise WBS, this in turn allows for more accurate planning of resource allocation throughout the DEPLOYMENT phase which can be broken down further into stages and WP’s.
WHAT- COMMUNICATION
WHEN- Throughout lifecycle
WHO- Project Oranisation-PM
HOW- COMMS PLAN
WHY- Having a phased structure allows the PM to develop a more precise COMMS PLAN, this allows for more accuracy ensuring they are engaging with the right people at the right time. In turn having more affective comms will ensure that the relevant people are more informed when it comes to making decisions.
2.3 Differentiate between a project life cycle and an extended lifecycle
ONE HAS 4 ONE HAS 6 focus on product outcome
ONE has BENEFITS REALISTAION and activities one does not
WHAT- PHASES
WHY- In the PLC there are only 4 phases, CONCEPT, DEFINTION, DEPLOYMENT and TRANSITION. The PLC finishes with the delivery of the output and formal acceptance by the USER. THE ELC has 6 phases, 4 as listed with the addition of ADOPTION and BENEFITS REALISATION, these focus on the integration of the product into use and the outcome, realising the benefits for the organisation.
WHEN-
4 phases
Completes at end of transition
Only focussed on delivering output
H/O to user-client
Not focussed on benefits realisation
Extended life cycle-
6 phases
Focuses on outcome
Accountability for adoption of output stays with project till change is fully embedded
2.4 Outline the roles of knowledge information management to inform decision making
WHAT- AVOID MISTAKES
WHY- Having information from similar projects will allow to avoid mistakes made in the pass making the plan more robust.
WHAT- HANDLE CHANGE BETTER
WHY- Lessons identified will provide a wider spectrum of options applicable to dealing with change issues that pertain to the project.
Why- scope change
In iterative life cycle rescope requirements after time box
WHAT- CONTINUITY
WHY- As a PMO lives in the change function of the organisation it is a continuous entity. The collection identified lessons allows them to implement change in processes and policy to continually make things more efficient in the environment.
2.5 Explain the benefit of conducting reviews throughout the lifecycle
WHAT- INCRESED EFFIEINCY
WHY- By stopping and reviewing at regular intervals allows for lessons to be identified, allowing for more informed decisions and changes to processes to be made, increasing efficiency. It will also allow for the quicker identification of any ISSUE/RISK/CHANGE to keep the project on schedule and keeping to TC constraints.
WHAT- COMPLIANCE
WHY- Reviews Provide independent health check and compliance of all policy and processes put in place for governance. By showing compliance it provides assurance that the project is on track to meet its obj’s and realise the benefits stated. A by-product of this will be greater Snr stakeholder confidence and buy in.
WHAT- BETTER DECISION MAKING
WHY- With the aid of reviews there is a greater Snr stakeholder involvement, this allows for them to be better informed and be more in tune with the project when it comes to making decisions. The new assumptions made will be based on information poignant to the project increasing the chance of success. It will also provide the GO-NO GO decision to move to the next phase.
2.6 Explain why projects may close early
LEGAL BREACH- HSE
EXTERNAL FACTORS??
STRATEGIC CHANGE
