Learning Objectives Flashcards
Describe the mechanism of action and adverse effects of antiemetic drugs.
Antiemetic Drugs:
Mechanism of Action: Prevent or reduce nausea and vomiting by acting on various receptors in the body, including: Serotonin, Dopamine, Histamine, Neurokinin-1, and Cannabinoid.
The main side effects include sedation, gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, dizziness, and extrapyramidal symptoms.
Describe the nursing management involved in the administration and patient education of antiemetic medications.
Nursing management involved in the administration and patient education of antiemetic medications includes
- verifying medication orders - assessing patient’s medical history and allergies
- monitoring vital signs
- administering medications as prescribed
- providing instructions on proper administration
- discussing potential side effects and their management
- assessing and documenting therapeutic effectiveness
- promoting patient compliance and adherence to the medication regimen.
Describe nursing management involved in the administration and patient education of drugs used to treat GORD and peptic ulcer disease.
Administration:
Ensure 7 rights of administration are met.
Right Patient, Right medication, Right Reason, Right Time, Right Dose, Right Route, Right Reaction, Right Documentation.
Patient education:
- Explain the purpose and mechanism of action of the prescribed drugs.
- Instruct patients to take medications as directed by the healthcare provider.
- Emphasize the importance of adherence to the prescribed regimen.
- Educate patients about potential side effects and when to report them.
- Provide dietary guidelines, such as avoiding spicy foods, caffeine, and alcohol.
- Encourage patients to quit smoking, as it can worsen GORD and peptic ulcers.
- Discuss the significance of stress reduction and relaxation techniques.
- Highlight the importance of regular follow-up appointments for monitoring and adjusting the treatment plan.
Describe the mechanism of action and adverse effects of laxatives?
Mechanism of action: Promote bowel movements by increasing the frequency and/or softening the stool.
Adverse effects: Abdominal cramps, electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, dependence, and potential damage to the intestinal lining.
Describe the mechanism of action and adverse effects of antidiarrhoeal drugs.
Mechanism of action: Slow down the movement of the intestines, decrease fluid secretion, and/or increase fluid absorption to reduce diarrhoea.
Adverse effects: Constipation, nausea, abdominal discomfort, dizziness, and potential toxicity if overused.
Describe the nursing management involved in the administration and patient education of laxatives.
Assess patient’s bowel habits and reason for using laxatives.
Educate patient about proper use and potential side effects.
Administer laxatives as prescribed, considering timing and dosage.
Monitor bowel movements and document changes.
Encourage fluid intake and fiber-rich diet to prevent constipation.
Provide comfort measures for abdominal discomfort.
Evaluate the effectiveness of laxatives and adjust treatment if necessary.
Describe the nursing management involved in the administration and patient education of antidiarrhoel drugs.
Assess patient’s bowel patterns, fluid intake, and symptoms.
Educate patient about drug use, including dosage and potential side effects.
Administer antidiarrheal drugs as prescribed, considering timing and dosage.
Monitor bowel movements and document changes.
Encourage fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
Advise patients to avoid certain foods that may worsen diarrhea.
Evaluate the effectiveness of antidiarrheal drugs and adjust treatment if necessary.
