Learning Objective Two

Question 1

key words and definitions

Answer 1

autonomy - independently make choices and decisions
empathy- ability to understand and share another persons feelings
dignity- valuing someone’s individuality and have an open, positive attitude
respect-believing and showing that someone has importance as an individual, even if you don’t agree with them
empower- to give someone the authority or control to do something, the way health,social care or early years worker encourages an individual to make decisions and take control of their own life

Question 2

person centred approach

Answer 2

to see the person as an individual, focusing on their person needs, goals, wants and aspirations. this allows the individual to become central to health and social care process. the support the individual needs must be designed in partnership with the individual, their family/carers

Question 3

six key person centred approach concepts

Answer 3

1. knowing the person as an individual
2. empowerment
   3.respecting the individuals values and choices
3. choice and autonomy
   5.respect and dignity
4. empathy and compassion

Question 4

knowing the person as an individual

Answer 4

each person has their own identity, needs, wishes, choices, beliefs and values. taking time to find out about the person beyond their illness/disability. thinking about what is important to an individual (their goals/aspirations, their families/relationships and their likes or dislikes

Question 5

empowerment

Answer 5

if an individual is empowered to be more aware of their own strengths and abilities they will feel more confident to take more control with their life. learning new skills will enable them to become more independent and work positively with professionals and others to achieve their goals. empowerment should mean allowing an individual to make their own decisions that carers may disagree with

Question 6

respecting the individuals values and preferences

Answer 6

treat people with dignity, compassion and respect. patients often lose their independence when they enter care which puts their dignity at risk. person centred care enables you to maintain that dignity by respecting their wishes and treating them with compassion and empathy.

Question 7

choice and autonomy

Answer 7

each individual should be supported to make choices about their care and support. they should be given info in a way they can understand so they can make informed choices. when working with individual who cannot express their wants,needs and wishes you must find others ways of communicating.

Question 8

respect and dignity

Answer 8

dignity- treating someone in a dignified way means to treat someone with respect, valuing their individuality and their ethical and moral beliefs. in order to provide dignified care you need to have an open and positive attitude. take time to do things their way, don’t make assumptions about how they want to be treated and be aware of how personal care may affect their dignity.

respect- respecting someone means believing and showing that they have importance as an individual. it means that they have their own opinions and feelings and that even though you may not agree with them, you do respect them

Question 9

empathy and compassion

Answer 9

how can you show empathy and compassion to service users?

practise good manners
show personal interest
take the time to think about what they have been through
acknowledge their feelings

people feel their dignity is respected when the care they receive is delivered with human warmth and empathy.

Question 10

how is person centred care different to personalisation

Answer 10

they go hand in hand
personalisation is the practicalities of considering the individual person and their needs.
for example assessment of needs. personal budgets, choice of residence and housing adaptations

Question 11

clarification of roles and responsibilities

Answer 11

it is the role and responsibility of the carer/ person assistant to provide support for the individual to enable them to live the life they want. professionals are no longer in charge of making choices about a persons life. it is the duty of the individual to make their wishes and wants clear to the carer

Question 12

voice, choice and control

Answer 12

the person centred approach should help enhance the voice, choice and control of individuals. a balance has to be achieved between levels of protection and levels of choice and control

Question 13

three principles supporting a person centred approach

Answer 13

1. independence and rights
2. co production, choice and control
3. inclusive and competent

Question 14

independence and rights

Answer 14

the right to live they way they want too
the right to be employed- the equality act 2010 ensures individuals with disabilities cannot be discriminated against
the right to form meaningful relationships- if an individual is able to spend more time in the community, there is more chance of them meeting new people and making friends

Question 15

co production, choice and control

Answer 15

to be treated as an equal partner in decision making about their care
be able to make decisions about their life or care
have more of what is important to them

Question 16

inclusive and competent communities

Answer 16

individuals should have the opportunity participate in community activities, to volunteer in their community and to feel like they belong

Question 17

good practice

Answer 17

the person centred approach can help professionals achieve good practice, this refers to the standards that a professional has. good practice involves them doing the best they can in their role

Question 18

role of pc approach in achieving good practice

Answer 18

an individual who is involved in their own treatment is more likely to continue with the treatment
more likely to be happy with the outcome
more knowledgeable because they are involved in the process
less anxious and can clarify any concerns makes them feel like their opinion counts
have a better relationship with the professional

Question 19

historical overview of public services

Answer 19

in the 19th century there was a paris expansion of new institutions that meant that many individuals with disabilities were moved from their homes and communities into asylums and workhouses.

theses were long -stay institutions that people had to stay in until they died

people working in asylums regard people who were disabled as second class citizens and showed them little respect. they were denied autonomy , choice and dignity

before the NHS was established people had to pay for their health care - even the middle class struggled to pay for this

healthcare was something of a postcode lottery- people who lived near institutions received better care than people in the countryside

on the 5th of july 1948, the NHS officially started

in the 1940s and 1950s leonard chester, RNIB and the Spastic society now called scope established residential homes for people with disabilities. before this people where forced into mental institutions. however the movement for equal rights for people with disabilities was gaining momentum.

1960s the disability rights movement started. this then led to the independent living movement in the 1970s.

1990s there was growing influence of the people first movement.

1995 protests by disabled people led to the introduction of the disability discrimination act

1996 was the introduction of direct payments

2000 was the closure of the last remaining institutions. this was the end of segregated living