Learning disability Flashcards
Definition of learning disability?
IQ <70 with impairment of functioning, onset in childhood
What should patients with confirmed learning disability be offered in general practice?
Annual health check- checking health generally but also for any specific features associated with syndromic conditions
Management of suspected learning disability?
Referral to local learning disability team
Standardised template for annual health check
Cardiff health check template
Where can information on syndrome-specific health checks be accessed?
RCGP health check toolkit
When should a mental health problem be considered in patients with a learning disability?
Change in behaviour/skills
Agitation/irritability
Social withdrawal
Loss of interest in activities they normally enjoy
Difference between learning disability and learning disorder/difficulty?
Learning disability is pervasive, associated with low IQ; learning disorder more specific, often normal IQ
Difficulty with letters/words resulting in problems with reading, writing and spelling
Dyslexia
Difficulty with numbers and mathematical concepts
Dyscalculia
Difficulty affecting movement and co-ordination
Dyspraxia
Three core features of ADHD
Inattention, impulsivity, hyperactivity
Specialist treatment of severe impairment caused by ADHD
Behavioural therapy +-i drug therapy e.g. methylphenidate
DSM-5 features of autism spectrum disorders?
Significant impairment in social function across multiple contexts that includes a) persistent defects in social communication/interaction
b) restricted, repetitive behaviour/interests/activities
How does ASD often present?
18 months to three years with failure of social interaction and lack of speech
Functional problems associated with ASD? (4)
Sleep problems
Eating problems
GI disturbance- diarrhoea, abdo pain, constipation
Sensory issues
