learning behavior Flashcards
learning
relatively permanent change in behavior from experience
classical conditioning
type of learning, pair to stimuli for response
stimulus
person, place or thing that you react to
response
How we act/behave
Unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
Automatic person, place or thing (the food)
Unconditioned response (UCR)
automatic action/behavior (Salivate) - Start with first and should be the same as CR
Conditioned stimulus (CS)
trained person, place or thing (bell)
Conditioned response (CR)
Trained action/behavior (Salivate) - Start with first and should be same as UCR
acquisition
the process of classical condition (repetition and intensity)
Extinction
learned response diminishes
generalization
same response to similar stimuli
discrimination - classical conditioning
different responses to different stimuli
Ivan Pavlov
Trained dogs to droll with bell
John Watson and Rosalie Rayner
Little Albert experiment - fear of rats (generalization)
Robert Rescorla and Allan Wagner
sometimes classical conditioning is conscious
John Garcia and Robert Koelling
taste aversion (avoid certain foods)
operant conditioning
type of learning, using rewards and consequences
B.F. skinner
trained pigeons; tricks for food
reinforcement
increase behavior
Example - good grades
Positive reinforcement
Add something they like to increase behavior
Example - rewards like money, freetime, praise, etc.
negative reinforcement
Subtract something they don’t like to increase behavior
Example chores
“You don’t have to wash the dishes if you…”
Primary reinforcement
Automatic rewards
Example - food, sleep, love
Secondary reinforcement
learned reward
Example - Money
punishment
decrease behavior
Positive Punishment: the behavior leads to an undesirable event
Add something they don’t like to decrease behavior
Example - more chores
Negative Punishment - The behavior ends a desirable state or event
subtract something they like to decrease behavior
Example - take phone away, can’t leave house, etc.
shaping
reward steps toward desired behavior (training dog to do tricks like roll over)
Discrimination - Operant conditioning
only do specific behavior for reward
Dog only does one trick to get treat, generalization - dog does every trick it knows to get treat
extinction
behavior diminishes with no reward/consequence
schedules of reinforcement
when we reward/punish
continuous reinforcement
reward all the time
partial reinforcement
only reward sometimes
fixed ration reinforcement
set number (quickest response)
fixed interval reinforcement
set time (causes procrastination / cramming)
Variable interval reinforcement
random time (causes autopilot/consistency)
