LEARNING APPROACH - BEHAVIOURISM

Question 1

behaviourism assumes that all of our behaviours are learnt from our….

Answer 1

environment

Question 2

what type of behaviour does behaviourism focus on?

Answer 2

observable behaviour

Question 3

animals and humans ____ the same way

Answer 3

learn the same way, so animal studies can be done and generalised to humans

Question 4

behaviourists believe psychology should be _______….

Answer 4

scientific and objective, so use lab experiments to achieve this

Question 5

what are the 2 important processes in the behaviourist approach?

Answer 5

classical conditioning

operant conditioning

Question 6

_____ studied classical conditioning

Answer 6

Pavlov

Question 7

how did Pavlov study classical conditioning?

Answer 7

dogs presented with food (UCS) creating salivation (UCR), paired bell (NS) with food(UCS), to make bell CS and salivation to be the CR

Question 8

_____ studied operant conditioning

Answer 8

Skinner

Question 9

what is positive reinforcement?

Answer 9

receiving a reward

Question 10

what is negative reinforcement?

Answer 10

stopping something unpleasant through action

Question 11

what is the skinner box?

Answer 11

hungry rat in cage, activate lever meant food (PR), repeated this

Question 12

what does skinner’s box suggest?

Answer 12

positive reinforcement increases likelihood of behaviour being repeated

Question 13

behaviourism increased our understanding of…

Answer 13

the cause of phobias and attachment

Question 14

what has behaviourism lead to rise?

Answer 14

in therapies such as systematic desensitization and token economy