Learning approach Flashcards
What is the behaviourism in the learning approach?
A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable and in terms of learning.
What are the main terms used in the behaviourism in the learning approach?
- Classical conditioning
- Operant conditioning
- Reinforcement
What is Social Learning Theory in the learning approach?
A way of explaining behaviour that includes both direct and vicarious reinforcement, combining learning theory with the role of cognitive factors.
What is vicarious reinforcement?
Indirect learning taking place when an individual observes the behaviour of others.
What is identification?
When an observer associates themselves with a role model and wants to be like the role model.
What is modelling?
Imitating the behaviour of a role model.
What are mediational processes?
Cognitive factors that influence learning and come between stimulus and response.
What were the mediational processes identified by Bandura?
- Attention - extent to which we notice certain behaviours
- Retention - How well the behaviour is remembered
- Motor reproduction - the ability of the observer to perform the behaviour
- Motivation - the will to perform the behaviour, which is often determined by whether the behaviour was rewarded or punished
What happened in Bandura’s study of Social Learning Theory?
Bandura recorded the behaviour of young children who watched an adult behave in an aggressive way towards a Bobo doll. The adult hit the doll with a hammer and shouted abuse at it. When these children were later observed playing with various toys, they behaved much more aggressively towards the doll and other toys than those who observed a non-aggressive adult.
