Learning and memory

Question 1

Prefrontal cortex:

Answer 1

Production and appreciation of art (beauty) as an emotion.

Question 2

How does the hippocampus differ from the amydgala in the storage of emotional memories?

Answer 2

Hippocampus is activated and inhibited by emotionality.

Question 3

Describe synaptic plasticity:

Answer 3

The ability of synapses to change their strength.

Upregulation of AMPA R via CaMKII.
Downregulation of AMPA R via Calcineurin.

Question 4

What are the two phases of long term potentiation (LTP)?

Answer 4

1. Induction (the introduction of a new fact or memory).

2. Maintenance (the actual learning).

Question 5

Long term potentiation vs. Long term depression:

Answer 5

LTP is learning, LTD is forgetting.

Question 6

Describe the molecular process of learning:

Answer 6

Neurogranin controls the synaptic plasticity balance through its regulation of CaM availability. High CaM = LTP, low CaM = LTD.

Question 7

Aging leads to:

Answer 7

Decreased amount of Ng (Calcineurin and LTD takes over)