Cerebral Cortex

Question 1

What are the six cellular layers of the cortex:

Answer 1

1. Molecular layer
2. External granular layer
3. External pyramidal layer
4. Internal granular layer
5. Internal pyramidal layer
6. Multiform layer

Question 2

BA 3, 1, 2:

Answer 2

Primary somatosensory cortex

Question 3

BA 4:

Answer 3

Primary motor cortex

Question 4

BA 17:

Answer 4

Primary visual cortex

Question 5

BA 41, 42:

Answer 5

Primary auditory cortex

Question 6

BA 44, 45:

Answer 6

Motor area of speech

Question 7

Lesion of BA 3, 1, 2 leads to:

Answer 7

Contralateral loss of somesthetic sensation

Question 8

Lesion of BA 4 leads to:

Answer 8

Contralateral spastic paralysis

Question 9

Lesion of BA 17 leads to:

Answer 9

Contralateral hemianopia.

If restricted to upper or lower banks of the Calcarine fissure, leads to contralateral inferior or superior quadrantanopia.

Question 10

Lesion of BA 41, 42:

Answer 10

Only a bilateral lesion leads to loss of hearing. Rare.

Question 11

Lesion of BA 44, 45:

Answer 11

Dominant side (left): Broca’s aphasia

Non-dominant side: difficulty in expressing emotional aspect of language.

Question 12

Lesion of cortical areas of the parietal lobe:

Answer 12

Dominant hemisphere: astereognosis, aphasia, alexia, agraphia.

Non-dominant: spatial distortion, contralateral neglect.

Question 13

Lesion of occipital lobe:

Answer 13

A variety of visual deficits.

Question 14

Lesion of temporal lobe:

Answer 14

Wernicke’s area (dominant hemisphere): sensory aphasia, Wernicke’s aphasia, receptive aphasia.

Wernicke’s area (non-dominant hemisphere): difficulty in comprehending the emotional aspect of language.