learning aim B Flashcards
marketing
how a business promotes themselfes and try to attract customers
why is marketing needed
-to attract customer awareness to the businesses products/services
-to create brand awareness and improve the market share
-to make customers willingly pay more for the same/similar product/service as competitors
without marketing what could happen?
-no customer awareness
-cannot rely on just word of mouth because of tech advances
-would not attract any more potential customers
-would limit the sales/profit the business could make
effective marketing should
-identify customer needs
-promo the businesses products
-show the price of the brand
-show the features of the product/service
-promo over a range of different media platforms
-target the ‘right’ customers
-distribute the product/service in the right place
-create the perfect product/service that customers want
the main principles of marketing are
-abdicate demand
-recognise demand
-simulate demand
-satisfy demand
abdicating demand
attempting to guess and anticipate demand that could be generated by a marketing campaign as a key purpose of marketing
problems with anticipating demand
however it can be difficult to anticipate demand but various methods can be used to make estimates more accurate including:
looking at the impact of the past marketing campaigns
-looking at the results of market research
-looking at demand of prev products
-looking at demand for competitors products
-looking at the impact of competitors marketing campaigns
recognizing demand
seeing weather demand has increased/not following the marketing or marketing campaign.
how to recognize demand
if a marketing campaign has been successful and demand has increased, the business must then do their best to meet this rising demand and capitalize on the success of their campaign. not only may prod sales increase but it may also lead to an increase in brand awareness and recognition therefore, its essential to be recognise this demand to ensure new customers expectations are met which can lead to long term brand loyalty
satisfying demand
the business continues to keep the demand needed so that customers are not disappointed
ways to satisfy demand
-carry out market research
-compare and contrast your businesses to others
- continue to be innovative
stimulating demand
not just attracting customers, trying to influence existing and new customers to want to buy into this new business, idea product/service
how to simulate demand
-reduce the products price at launch
-exclusively distribute and launch the product to a particular store, or to loyal customer and members
-only release a limited quantity of the product
understanding customer needs
1- look at the business at the customers pov
2-analyse data on customers buying in the industry
3-conduct primary research (voc)
ways to understand customer needs
1- use mystery shopper to see how customers experience their shopping with you
2-collect and analyse data on customer buying behaviour within their industry using loyalty scheme
3-conduct primary research (exit survey, product review, voc)
when customer needs change what should happen?
-more choice
-the business product portfolio should increase
-get feedback from customers
-react to competitors
stages of developing a new product
1- idea generation
2-prod deveopment
3-development of marketing strategy
4-test marketing
5- product launch
improving profitbility
-sell more
-attract more customers
-reduce costs
-find cheaper suppliers
-get brand awareness
-maintain customer loyalty
market share
the number of customers a business is able to attract. the more popular the business the higher percent of market share they will have
improving market share
-attracting more customers
-keeping existing customers happy
-get customer loyalty
-get more power over their competitors
-increase brand recognition
diversification
entering new markets to spread risk
areas to consider with diversification
-do research to avoid more risk in the future
-launching new products and services takes time and cost
-might cause a business budget to be used/not enough
-other competitors might have budgets to diversify quicker
brand
where a business has specific colors, logo packaging so that customers can easily recognize it and be loyal to them.
brand awareness
customers are being able to easily recognize a specific brand
building a brand helps with loyalty because
-it helps customers to stay with yoy and keep purchasing
-makes the business to develop their prod port
-can create an emotional reaction from customers about what they believe the business or brand to be like
-customers prepared yo pay more for the branded product/service
-adds value to the business
-can lead to loyalty schemes where customers are rewarded for their repeated purchases
niche markets
typically populated with small to med sized businesses as thy are too small to attract the interest of larger businesses
mass market
as a business gets bigger then they can start to dversify, expand their product range and start producing to a bigger target market
features of a niche market
-sell products which are aimed at small and specific segment of the market
-demand is generally high but the amount of customers in the market is limited
-this includes food products such as vegan, gluten free or specialist software such as sage
features of mass markets
-mass market sells products aimed at the whole market with a much larger range of customers
-demand is usually higher that the niche market
-includes lots of tech, phones, Tvs
market segmentation
the process of dividing customers up into groups based on their needs/characteristics
examples of market segmentation
-to identify what products and services we buy
-how customers use their products
-to find out how much we are willing to spend
-what decision making takes place
-what values and opinions customers have/why
branding
the way businesses build their reputation by the name, colours, logo , packaging
benefit’s of a brand
-can create a positive rep
-can get customers to think/ feel a certian way
-can develop brand personality- set of human characteristics that we associate with a product/service
-allows the business to connect with customers
-allows the business to have a brad story-what are we all about
unique selling point benifits
-attract customers to your business so they don’t go elsewhere
-can guarantee customer loyalty and repeat purchases
-makes you special and stand out
business sizes
micro- 9 employees or less
small- 10-49 employees
medium- 50-249 employees
large- 250+ employees
the size of a business will lead to
what marketing the business will carry out
how much they have to spend
the time they have to do the marketing
the budget will
-not be unlimited
- usually small for a small business
-usually large for a large business
-will be controlled by one/range of ppl depending on the size
-can change year to year
-also take into account the business expenses
employee and specialist staff
emp- a person employed by the business by the business to do jobs/tasks
specialist- a person that has specific skills that would be hard to replace
reasons why specialist staff will be needed
-operate machienery
-to train others
a sole trader business
common for the owner to do all the marketing, yet they may have no real skillset or experience
a micro business
it may be the responsibility of one member of staff to do all the marketing however they may not be a marketing specialist, more so the best person for the job they have
a small business
there may be a number of people who are responsible for marketing or there may be someone who recruited as a marketer who is a specialist, qualified prev experience
in a medium and large sized business
its common to have a marketing dept with a no of marketing specialists dedicated to improving the brands image and increasing sales
internal influences
something that happens inside the business that could effect operations