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Unit 6 Flash Cards > Learning Aim B > Flashcards

Learning Aim B Flashcards

1
Q

Name the four forms of government

A

Democracy, monarchy, republic and communism

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2
Q

What is democracy?

A

A political system for choosing an changing the government through free elections.
A rule of law in which laws are equal to all citizens
active participation of the people
protection of the human rights of citizens

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3
Q

What is a Republic?

A

It is similar to a democracy however, it has a written continuation or charter that lays out certain inalienable rights.

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4
Q

What is an absolute monarchy?

A

A form of government in which one person has total power

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5
Q

What are some examples of absolute monarchy?

A

Saudi Arabia, Oman, Eswatini

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6
Q

What is a constitutional monarchy?

A

A form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within limits. Political power is shared between monarch and a constitutionally organised government such as parliament.

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7
Q

What are some examples of constitutional monarchy?

A

UK, Japan, Sweden, Morocco

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8
Q

What is communism

A

A political system based on the socialist ideas of Marx and Lenin. Everything is owned by the state and there is no private property.

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9
Q

What are some examples of communism?

A

North Korea, China

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10
Q

What are some examples of Democracy?

A

The UK, Norway, Australia

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11
Q

What are some examples of a Republic?

A

The United states, France

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12
Q

Why are powers separated?

A

No one group can exercise total power with no challenges

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13
Q

What are the three areas of government?

A

Legislature, Judiciary and Executive

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14
Q

What is the Executive and their role?

A

The prime minister, his cabinet and other ministers. Their role is to propose legislation and develop policy.

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15
Q

What is Legislature?

A

In the UK it is parliament (commons and lords)
Their role is to debate legislation and enact laws.

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16
Q

What is the judiciary?

A

Judges who interpret and apply legislation in line with the intentions of parliament as well as developing common law

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17
Q

Describe four main ways in which laws are made in this country

A

Acts of parliament, Delegated Legislation, Statutory interpretation and Judicial precedent.

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18
Q

What is an act of parliament?

A

Creates a new law or changes an existing one. An act is a bill that has passed through the lord and commons, and given royal assent. It is known as statute law

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19
Q

What is Delegated legislation?

A

Parliament has the ability to delegate powers to other bodies to carry out law making. This is in three forms.

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20
Q

What are Statutory instruments?

A

Laws made by a government minister in their area of expertise.

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21
Q

What are orders in council?

A

This is when parliament is unable to introduce laws or introduce them quickly enough. In this situation the privy council made up of the king and senior politicians can make new laws

22
Q

What are By-Laws

A

This is when laws need to be made on a local level such as changing a speed limit

23
Q

What is Statutory Interpretation?

A

When the wordings a law are unclear and need to be interpreted to establish the meaning

24
Q

What is Judicial Precedent?

A

A judge made law in which once a decision is made all courts below that court are bound by decision

25
Q

What are the three main levels of government?

A

Central government
Regional government
Local government

26
Q

What are the roles of central government?

A

Taxation and related policy
National defence
Participate in international treaties and agreements
ensure the integrity and governance of the united kingdom

27
Q

What is the house of commons?

A

650 elected members who all lead constituencies

28
Q

What are the responsibilities of the house of commons

A

Making laws, controlling finance, hold the government to account, debate important issues, represent the people/

29
Q

How often are general elections?

A

Every five years

30
Q

What is the house of lords?

A

Non-elected, chosen by PM and King. They are made up of various people with expertise in many different fields in order to provide their experience in various sectors to law making.

31
Q

What are the responsibilities of the house of lords?

A

Making Laws, consideration of public policy, holding government to account and being independent from the house of commons

32
Q

What are the roles of the Monarch?

A

Act as head of state, open and close parliament, appoint prime minister and provide royal assent, appoint peers and act as head of the commonwealth

33
Q

What is the role of the prime minister?

A

Allocates duties to ministers, appoint and dismiss ministers, give out honours, set agendas for government business, control information released to the ministers, parliament and the public

34
Q

What is the role of the cabinet?

A

They are the main body that controls policy and coordinates activities of governmental departments.

35
Q

What is the civil service?

A

Civil servants are independent from the government and are not elected or members of political parties. They are politically neutral and are there to support the government in its policy and wishes and decisions

36
Q

What is Devolution?

A

Transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, local or regional administration

37
Q

What regional assemblies is power devolved to in the UK?

A

Scottish parliament
welsh assembly
northern Ireland assembly

38
Q

What are the roles of Scottish parliament?

A

They have a separate legal system and police force
They can raise or lower taxes in Scotland
Have their own health service
Their own education system
Have power over the introduction of laws that only impact Scotland

39
Q

What are the roles of the welsh assembly?

A

Representing wales and it’s people
making laws for wales
Agreeing on welsh taxes
holding the welsh government to account

40
Q

What are the roles of the Northern Ireland Assembly?

A

Representing NI and its people
making legislation
scrutinising the executive committee

41
Q

What is the Greater London Authority?

A

Administrative body, headed by the mayor who governs London

42
Q

How many members are on the London assembly?

A

25

43
Q

What is the mayor of London Responsible for?

A

Setting the budget for London and making London a better place for everyone

44
Q

What 11 main areas is the Greater London Authority responsible for?

A

Arts and culture
Business and Economy
Environment
Fire
Health
Housing and Land
Planning
Policing and Crime
Regeneration
Sport
Transport

45
Q

Name 4 things the Greater London Authority is responsible for?

A

Arts and culture
Business and Economy
Environment
Fire
Health
Housing and Land
Planning
Policing and Crime
Regeneration
Sport
Transport

46
Q

What is a 2 tier local government?

A

A local government is broken into two levels a county council and below them a district, borough or city council

47
Q

What is a single tier local government?

A

A local government that is one administrative body that covers the provision of all local services

48
Q

What are examples of Single tier local government?

A

Unitary authorities, London boroughs, metropolitan boroughs

49
Q

What are the responsibilities of local government?

A

Representing people in local areas
working with a range of partners, including private organisations and charities to deliver services
Provide services to local areas
Coordinate and implement local resilience forums to deal with major incidents and emergencies

50
Q

What services must local governments provide?

A

Children’s services, highways, social services, housing, environmental services, planning and development

51
Q

What is a police and crime commissioner

A

ensure effective operation and provision of service
appoint chief constables and hold them to account
set the police and crime objectives for their area through a police and crime plan
set the force budget

Unit 6 Flash Cards (4 decks)

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