Learning Flashcards
Operant Conditioning
Thorndike - Cat getting out of da box with da button
Skinner - rats press down lever to get treat whenever there’s a buzzer (if they press the lever with no buzzer, they get shocked)
Application - TEP (token economy program) for bulimics
Phobias
cook and mineka (1989) (support) - Monke become scared of snake after observing other monkey’s fearful reaction to one in video
Freud (reject) - Suggests that phobias are repressed conflicts, which explains having phobias of thinings thata you have never encountered
Systematic desensitisation
McGrath (1990) (support) - 75% found significant improvement with systematic desensitisation
McGrath (1990) (reject) - 50% relapse rate for social phobias after 6 months
Flooding
Wolitzky-taylor et al (2008) (support) - METANALYSIS of 33 studies showed that exposure based therapy was better than psychodynamic therapies (freud)
Wolpe (1970) (support) - Girl scared of cars, took her on 4 hour car journey, likes cars now
SLT
Cook and mineka (1989) - Monke become scared of snake after observing other monkey’s fearful reaction to one in video
Bandura
Individual differences in learning
Fagot (1978) (support) (Gender differences opperant) - Boys reinforced by playing with gender appropriate toys and punished for playing with dolls. Girls reinforced for staying close to parent and punish for rough and tumble play
Developmental differences in learning
Brown and Handlon (rejects learning theories) - Children use verbs incorrectly (eg hitted), which would not have been imitated by SLT because adults use verbs correctly
Dweck et al (1978) (support) - teachers reinforced girls for working neatly
Key Question
Owen et al (2000) (support) - Over 30 years the ideal body shape has become slimmer
Eysenck and Flannagan (2000) (reject) - All women in the west are subjected to media, however only 3-4% of them develop EDs
