LEARNING

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

process by which humans and animals acquire behavior patterns; experience or practice results in a relatively permanent change in behavior or potential behavior; more broad than studying

Question 2

Conditioning

Answer 2

a natural stimulus that evokes a natural response; acquisition of specific patterns of behavior in the presence of well defined stimuli; general term for humans and animals; basic form of learning

Question 3

Classical Conditioning

Answer 3

expanded by John Watson and Rosalie Rayner; Learning where a response, normally elicited by one stimulus, is taught to respond to another, normally, neutral stimulus; AKA Pavlovian; pairing an involuntary response

Question 4

Latent Learning

Answer 4

pioneered by Edward Chace Tolman; learning that is not immediate in behavior; knowledge that is used when needed, like riding a bike or using a cognitive map

Question 5

Cognitive Map

Answer 5

example of a cognitive learning; mental image of a spatial environment that is used to problem solve when stimulated

Question 6

Cognitive Learning

Answer 6

impossible to observe and measure; learning that depends on processes which are not directly observable; learning is inferred from the behavior

Question 7

Law Of Effect

Answer 7

Thorndike; used in an experiment with cats and a puzzle box; principle of reinforcement; behavior consistently rewarded will be ‘stamped in’ as learned behavior, and behavior that brings about discomfort will be ‘stamped out’; satisfying effect (reinforcement) is likely to be performed again, whereas behavior that brings about negative effect (punishment) is likely to be suppressed