Learning

Question 1

operant conditioning

Answer 1

changing behavior for choices in response to consequences

Question 2

unconditioned stimulus

Answer 2

a stimulus which triggers a response naturally Before without any conditioning

Question 3

conditioned stimulus

Answer 3

an originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus comes to trigger a conditioned response

Question 4

conditioned response

Answer 4

a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus

Question 5

unconditioned response

Answer 5

an unlearned naturally occurring response to an unconditioned stimulus

Question 6

extinction

Answer 6

refers to the diminishing if a conditioned response. if the US (food) stops appearing with the CS (bell), the CR decreases

Question 7

negative reinforcement

Answer 7

Negative reinforcement occurs when a certain stimulus (usually an aversive stimulus) is removed after a particular behavior is exhibited. The likelihood of the particular behavior occurring again in the future is increased because of removing/avoiding the negative consequence

Question 8

schedules of reinforcement

Answer 8

Ratio schedule – the reinforcement depends only on the number of responses the organism has performed. Continuous reinforcement (CRF) – a schedule of reinforcement in which every occurrence of the instrumental response (desired response) is followed by the reinforcer.

Question 9

discrimination

Answer 9

Discrimination is treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favor of or against, a person or thing based on the group, class, or category to which that person or thing is perceived to belong to rather than on individual merit.

Question 10

observational learning

Answer 10

Observational learning, or modeling, is a type of learning most associated with the work and social learning theory of psychologist Albert Bandura. Observational learning is thought to be particularly important during childhood.

Question 11

cognitive map

Answer 11

A cognitive map (also: mental map or mental model) is a type of mental representation which serves an individual to acquire, code, store, recall, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in their everyday or metaphorical spatial environment.

Question 12

Classical Conditioning

Answer 12

learning to link 2 stimuli in a way that helps us anticipate an event to which we have a reaction