Learning

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

The development of a permanent change in behavior based on experience

Question 2

Law of Effect

Answer 2

Stimulus/Context/Act associated with Reinforcement, will be repeated = “Conditioning”

positive = repeated

negative = not repeated

Question 3

Classical Conditioning

Answer 3

Developed association between stimuli

• e.g. Dog salivates to Food. Pair Food (Pos Reinforcer=StimA) w/Bell (Conditioned Stimulus=StimB);
  Soon dog salivates to Bell alone, via association between Stim A & Stim B

**bell has to co-occur with the food! - associations are co-activity of the circuits

Question 4

Operant Conditioning

Answer 4

Developed association between stimulus and response: action

-e.g. If pigeon pecks (Response) Target (Cond Stimulus) gets Food (Pos Reinf); Soon pecks often
-» has to have temporal contiguity!!
- e.g. While pigeon pecking target, Shocked (Neg Reinforcer) but only when Light (Conditioned Stim) on;
Soon pigeon will stop pecking (Cond Resp) whenever light comes on (thus avoiding aversive shock)

Question 5

Temporal Contiguity

CELLS THAT FIRE TOGETHER, WIRE TOGETHER !

Answer 5

critical in operant and classical conditioning
– events must Co-Occur to become associated in learner’s mind

• Presumably, it is this co-occurrence that leads to the neural co-activity of the stimulated circuits

Question 6

Hebbian Synapse

Answer 6

proposed by Hebb as the fundamental neural process involved in Learning
= Co-activated neural circuits involved in learning and retrieval of associations (Fire Together:Wire Together)

• Mechanisms responsible include structural or metabolic changes in NT availability, release, and/or reception
• In contemporary computational models, involves development of “weighting” changes across Neural Nets