learning Flashcards
whi came uo with the idea of observational learning
bandura
what research supports the observational learning theory
bobo doll
what are the 4 parts to banduras model
attention
retention
motor reproduction
motivation
attention
learner must pay attention to the model
what is the observational learning theory
behaviour is formed by copying others
retention
learner needs to remember demonstration
motor reproduction
demonstrations need to be matched to the level of the learner
motivation
performers must want to copy the model
copying is more likely if
role model
relevent to performer
same ability
what are positives of observational learning
lots of research to support it
negatives of ovservational learning
does not explain why learning takes place in absense of a role model
only considers environment and not genetics
what is operant conditioning
method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishment
what is the connectionist theory
learner connects a stimulus from the environment to a movement response
what study supports operant conditioning
skinner- rat in the box- trial and error
what are the 6 characteristics if opperant conditioning
munipulate environment
reinforcement
punishment
trial and error
strengthen sr bond
shaped
advantages and disadvantages of positive reinforcement
quick
increase confidence
lose effect
wrong behaviour can be rewarded
advantages and disadvantages of negative reinforcement
weaken undesired sr bond
strengthen correct bond
not good for cognitive
may not understand why stimulus has been withdrawn
advantages and disadvantages of punishment
break undesired sr bonds
stop learning incorrect behaviours
leads to anger or frustration
who created the theory of opperant conditioning
thorndike
what are the 3 laws to strngthen sr bonds
law of effect
law of exercise
law of readiness
positive of operant conditioning
quick and effective
punishment points out errors that need to be corrected
good for young
negatives if opperant conditioning
cant adapt to different situations
can lead to arrogance
lack depth
what is the cognitive theory
concerned with problem solving thinking and understanding
what are the 5 variables of cognitive theory
whole learning
insight learning
previous experience
perception
intervening variables
what is whole learning
important skill is not broken down but kept as whole problem
what is previous experience
use memory to solve present problems
what is perception
knowing whats required to be successful
what is insight learning
understanding why an action needs to occur
what is intervening variables
mental processes occuring between stimulus being recieved and reponse
positives of cognitive theory
develops deeper understanding
make quick progress
performer can adapt to different situations
negatives of cognitive theory
take a long time
learning while may be difficult
requires learner to have previous experiences- not cognitive
