learning

Question 1

what is learning

Answer 1

relatively permanent change in behaviour that occurs as a result of experience

Question 1

how can learning occur

Answer 1

-intentionally (e.g watching/hearing s/o play piano
- active (e.g reciting multiplication table)
- passive (hearing abt aus performing in olympics)

Question 2

classical conditioning

Answer 2

occurs through repeated association of two or more different stimuli

Question 3

3 phase process of CC

Answer 3

Before conditioning: NS produces no response
UCS elicits UCR
During conditioning: NS repeatedly associated/paired with UCS to produce the reflexive response( UCR)
After conditioning: NS becomes learned = CS
CS now produces CR (same as UCR)

Question 4

3 phase process/model of OC

Answer 4

Antecedent/discriminative stimulus: what prompts behaviour
Behaviour: voluntary response
Consequence: what happened after response

Question 5

negative reinforcement

Answer 5

remove something undesirable/unpleasant stimulus e.g panadol tablet when have headache

Question 6

positive reinforcement

Answer 6

applying a positive reinforcer after desired response has been made e.g lolly for good behaviour

Question 7

what do reinforcements do

Answer 7

strengthen the response

Question 8

positive punishment

Answer 8

delivery of an unpleasant stimulus

Question 9

response cost (-ve punishment)

Answer 9

stimulus is taken away as a consequence of behaviour

Question 10

what do punishments do

Answer 10

reduce the frequency of the behaviour

Question 11

observational learning

Answer 11

uses observation of a model’s actions and the consequences of those actions to guide their further actions

Question 12

vicarious conditioning

Answer 12

The individual watches a model’s behaviour being either reinforced or punished.
the person then behaves in exactly the same way or a modified way or refrains from the behaviour as a result of what they have observed

Question 13

observational learning abbreviation

Answer 13

ARRMR

Question 14

ARRMR stands for what

Answer 14

attention, retention, reproduction, motivation, reinforcement

Question 15

attention

Answer 15

person must actively watch the model

Question 16

retention

Answer 16

person must hold a mental representation of the behaviour and remember it in order to imitate it later

Question 17

reproduction

Answer 17

person must have the motor skills to be able to reproduce the behaviour

Question 18

motivation

Answer 18

person must be motivated to demonstrate what has been learned

Question 19

reinforcement

Answer 19

reinforcement influences the motvation to reproduce the observed behaviour and increases the likelihood of reproduction

Question 20

ATSI ppls way of knowing

Answer 20

viewed as being embedded in relationships where the learner is part of a multimodal system of knowledge pattern on country