LEARN THIS! Flashcards
Mutarotation
spontaneous change in optical rotation observed when a pure anymore of a sugar is dissolved in water and equilibrates to an equilibrium mixture of anomie’s.
When dissolved in water this anomer exhibits mutarotation. Indicate what is observed and why.
Observe change in optical rotation. Ring opening/closure → to equilibrium mixture of anomie’s.
Draw a graph of potential energy vs reaction coordinate and show the difference between the rate determining step of a two step reaction for it being the first vs the second step
do it and check notebook
anything that has a half life is
first order
aldol means
an aldehyde and an alcohol
enal means
an alkene and aldehyde
What are the only chemicals that will; show maturation?
hemiacteals
What does adding H2SO4/HgSO4 do?
turns a terminal alkyne to some sort of ketone
CH3CHO reacts with a gringard reagent to form
a secondary alcohol
Draw a nitorbenzene
check notebook
What groups are mmore susceptible to nucleophilic substitution?
electron withdrawing (the deactivating groups)
What are the rate constant units for 0, 1, 2, and 3rd order reactions?
0 = molL-1s-1 1 = s-1 2 = mol-1Ls-1 3 = mol-2L2s-1
What can exist as cis/trans isomers?
alkenes and rind sturctures
What is the formula to convert celcius to kelvin?
celcius + 273.15 = Kelvin
Why does bromobenzene not react with a cyanide ion?
halogen bonded to an sp2 carbon is not susceptible to SN2 reactions
What is beer’s law?
A = ebc
what does an acid anhydride + alcohol make?
splitting of acid anhydride to an ester and carboxyllic acid.
Draw a methanamide
HC=ONH2
What is P2O5 used for?
to give a symmetric anhydride
draw the neutral acid base 1, 2, 3 table
do it
draw the o and p and m and deactivating and activating table
do it
electon donating groupos decrease acidity how?
they destabilise the phenol ion
draw a hydrazone
R2C=NNHR
draw an oxime
R2C=NOH
draw an imine
RHC=NR
draw a reaction to make a hemiacetal and an acetal:
RCHO + ROH makes
hemiacteal: CH3OR
Acetal : RC(OR)2H
In a chromatography paper which solvents travel the furthest?
the non-polar ones since the stationary phase is polar
