block 1 Flashcards
define constitutional isomers
same molecular formula, different atom to atom bonding sequence
define stereoisomers
different arrangement of groups in space
define conformational isomers
differ by rotation about a single bond
define configurational isomers
interconversion requires bond breaking
define enantiomers
non-superimposable mirror images that can rotate plan polarised light in different directions
define diastereomers
not mirror images
define racemic mixture
a picture with equal amounts of both enantiomers thus giving an overall rotation of plane polarised light as zero
what is the double bond equivalent formula?
½( 2C + N - H + 2)
What do you call a staggered chemical compound configuration, where the repulsions are at the minimum (i.e. large groups are farthest away from each other)
anti
What do you call an eclipsed chemical compound configuration, where the repulsions are at the maximum (i.e. largest groups are closest together)
syn
What do you call a staggered chemical compound configuration, where the repulsions are at the maximum (i.e. largest groups are close together)
gauche
What is the difference between the boat conformer to the chair conformer?
Chair conformer is stable as it is staggered, while boat conformer is unstable as it is eclipsed.
Which position, the equatorial or axial, is favoured and most stable when it comes to large groups in cycloalkanes?
equatorial, since an axial position causes a gauche interaction to occur and
What is an alkyl halide?
An alkane hydrocarbon backbone with a halogen group
What is an aryl halide?
A benzene ring (think Aromatic ring) with a halogen group
