Leah 4 Sci Review

Question 1

why is the mass of an electron approximated a 0 amu?

Answer 1

bc it equals about 1/1800 of an amu…which is practically 0

Question 2

what does nuclear charge describe?

Answer 2

the number of protons an atom has

Question 3

which of the atom’s electrons are the most important for organic chemistry?

Answer 3

the valence electrons

Question 4

why are valence electrons so important in organic chemistry?

Answer 4

they are the ones involved in the reactions we’ll see in organic chemistry

Question 5

why doesn’t hydrogen have any neutrons?

Answer 5

Hydrogen can have no neutrons because it only has one proton. … Many atoms need neutrons to remain stable because neutrons “space out” the protons. If the protons get too close, the repulsion between protons will be so big that the nucleus will break apart. In the case of hydrogen, there is only one proton

Question 6

what are the 3 hydrogen isotopes called?

Answer 6

protium
deuterium
tritium

Question 7

what’s the difference between the 3 isotopes for hydrogen (in terms of their neutrons)?

Answer 7

protium has 1 neutron,
deuterium has 2 neutrons, and
tritium has 3 neutrons

Question 8

how is (effective) nuclear charge calculated?

Answer 8

number of protons (Z) - number of core electrons (S)