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HISTORY > LEAGUE OF NATIONS BEFORE 1920 > Flashcards

LEAGUE OF NATIONS BEFORE 1920 Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the LON founded?

A

January 1920

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2
Q

AIMS (5)

A
  1. Uphold Peace Treaties
  2. Peaceful settlement of disputes
  3. Disarmament
  4. Collective Security
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3
Q

Where were the headquarters? why?

A

Geneva. Convenience.

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4
Q

Less important aims (4)

A
  • encourage trade
  • improve working conditions
  • co-operation on i.e. science, maths, crime
  • supervise mandates
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5
Q

What was the “rulebook” called?

A

Covenant

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6
Q

How many articles in the covenant?

A

26

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7
Q

Most important article in covenant? what did the article talk about?

A

Article 10. Collective security

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8
Q

What was the covenant?

A

A “rulebook” which the LON was based on

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9
Q

Members in 1920s?

A

42 founding members

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10
Q

Members in 1930s?

A

Over 60, including USSR, Germany, Japan, Britain, France

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11
Q

Problems with Britain (3)

A
  • Weakened by ww1
  • more concerned with colonies/trade
  • felt they wouldn’t have joined if known USA’s decision
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12
Q

Problems with France (3)

A
  • weakened by ww1
  • big concern= Germany
  • felt league wouldn’t help her against Germany so willing to act outside league.
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13
Q

WHY USA NOT JOIN? (5)

A
  • Didn’t want to be under influence of Britain and France
    (americans didnt like empires)
  • Felt would have to act as policeman to uphold treaties
    (some americans hated treaty of versailles)
  • Reaction to WW1
    (didnt want another war)
    (didn’t want to have to settle conflicts around world, especially after ww1’s casualties)
  • Dislike of Wilson/ Democratic party
    (Wilson hadn’t listened to public)
    (Public suffered for 8 years)
  • Economic Cost
    (Didn’t want to have to enforce sanctions as didn’t want business/ trade to suffer)
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14
Q

What policy created by Americans after not joining LON? Define it.

A

Isolationism. It’s a policy which argued USA shouldn’t get involved in international disputes.

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15
Q

How was the League affected by USA not joining? (5)

A
  • lost (economic) power
  • economic sanctions not going to work
  • made League look like European club
  • lost support (at i.e. preventing conflict)
  • lost its prestige as most powerful country wasn’t a member
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16
Q

However, what did USA still do? (2)

A
  • USA still played a role in international relations

- Did send observers to League (at start)

17
Q

Why the US, Germany and Russia not being members affected it

A
  • less power
  • less support
  • the lower the number of members, the higher the risk of conflict
18
Q

Why League having no army was a problem

A
  • one less form of punishment
  • couldn’t carry out threats
  • could make countries more open to defying LON
19
Q

Why Sanctions being the only action the LON could take was a problem.

A
  • countries didn’t want to follow through (because didn’t want to lose trading partner)
  • would not only affect aggressor but also the other countries
  • ineffective
20
Q

Why the LON being dominated by Britain and France was a problem.

A
  • not in a position to use finances towards LON
  • biased,, other countries think its unfair
  • neither of them were too keen on enforcing LON,, if not leaders enforcing it, who?
21
Q

Why its aims were a problem

A
  • too ambitious?
  • not all agreed on
  • i.e. disarmament-> no one wanted to be the first to disarm
22
Q

Why unanimous decisions being needed in assembly was a problem

A
  • near impossible for all countries to agree (especially since different countries had different needs)
23
Q

why the veto was a problem

A
  • members= selfish. Wouldn’t agree as someone could always use their veto
  • unfair-> if everyone agree except for 1, they use veto and action cannot be carried out.
24
Q

Name 5 main branches of LON

A

The ASSEMBLY, COUNCIL, PERMANENT COURT OF JUSTICE, SECRETARIAT and ILO

25
Q

The Assembly

A
  • met once a year
  • 1 representative per country
  • all decisions= unanimous
  • voted on actions such as new members and budget of the league
26
Q

The Council

A
  • veto
  • 4 permanent members (Britain, France, Japan, Italy)
  • 10 non-permanent members
  • settle disputes
27
Q

The Permanent Court of Justice

A
  • met in Hague
  • made decisions on i.e. border disputes
    (but couldnt make country follow its decision)
28
Q

The Secretariat

A
  • civil service

- organized meetings, etc.

29
Q

ILO

A
  • once a year, workers’ representatives, governments and employers met to discuss problems
  • improve working conditions
30
Q

Other agencies, commissions and committees

A
  • Mandates Commission
  • Refugee Committee
  • Slavery Commission
  • Health Committee
31
Q

why was LON a failure before it started?

A
  • us and russia not members
  • no army
  • sanctions
  • dominated by britain and france
  • aims
  • unanimous decisions (assembly)
  • veto

HISTORY (4 decks)

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