Leadership + Management Flashcards
What are the three leadership styles? (Mullins 2007)
- Autocractic
- Democratic
- Laissez faire
What has leader got?
- Earns followers
- Creates change
- Creates shared focus
- Takes responsibility
- Persuades
- Develops power within people
What has manager got?
- Has employees
- Reacts to change
- Is the sale focus
- Takes credit
- Directs
- Exercises power over people
What is Autocratic leadership?
Include positives and negatives
Typically make choices based on their ideas and judgments and rarely accept advice from followers
+ They take control quickly without consulting with large group of people
+ Allows members of the group to focus on performing specific tasks without worrying about making complex decisions
- Leaders are often seen as bossy and controlling
- People in the group may dislike that they are unable to contribute ideas
- Tend to overlook the knowledge and expertise that group members may bring to the solution
- Impair the morale of the group
What is Democratic leadership?
Include positives and negatives
Members of the group take a more participative role in the decision-making process. Everyone is given the opportunity to participate, ideas exchanged freely, and discussion is encouraged.
\+ It fits almost every business \+ It often has solutions for complex problems \+ It promotes a creative environment \+ It builds strong teams - It tends to become apologetic - It is time-consuming - It takes a while to process decisions
What is Laissez-faire leadership?
Include positives and negatives
Leaders are hands-off and allow group members to make the decisions. Researchers have found that this is generally the leadership style that leads to the lowest productivity among group members.
- Verry little guidance from leaders
- Complete freedom from leaders
- Leaders provide the tools and resources needed
+ Encourages those who are self-motivated
+ Increased satisfaction with work (when a person is able to take the initiative to complete a task on their own, this leads to an increased level of satisfaction)
+ Leaders are still crucial
- Certain people lack knowledge
- Minimal cohesiveness
What three factors does Chelladurai (2001) believe the Multidimensional model of leadership (MDM) is reliant on?
- The leader himself
- The team members
- The situation
What did Da Cruz (2001) recognise?
that “group performance is contingent depending on the interaction of leadership styles and situations favorable to the leader”
What is the Leadership scale for sport (LSS) measured by?
- Training and instruction
- Democratic behaviour*
- Autocratic behaviour (Least preferred)
- Social support
- Positive feedback*
*Two most preferred in sport
Who devised the Leadership scale for sports (LSS)?
Chelladurai & Saleh (1980)
What are the three categories of the MDM model?
- Antecedents
- Leadership styles
- Consequences
Riemer (2007) suggests that…?
When all factors of the MDM align congruence is achieved. This is when the actual leadership style matches the followers preferred style and the style required in each given situation… performance and satisfaction will increase
Qualities of a person that is born a leader?
- Optimism
- Self-beliefs
- Set example
- Effectiveness
Qualities of a person that is made a leader?
- Coaching to improve skills
- Training
- Problem solving
- Risk taking
Differences between transactional vs. transformational leadership - Burns (1978)?
- Interactions, involvement
- Genuine concern and staff
Transformational leadership
- Higher motivation, commitment
- Justice, loyalty and trust
- Critical when org., change.
