Leadership (kill me) Flashcards
What is organizational behavior?
- A field of research; that examines the impact that individuals, groups, and structures have on behavior within organizations, intending to apply such knowledge to improve human and organizational behavior
- The study of both personal and social psychology (cognition, emotion, and behavior) in organizations
Why should we care about psychology and OB?
- Develop yourself and improve your own people skills.
- Anticipate the “unseen” reality.
- Develop people around you and improve the performance of individuals and groups.
- Improve work quality and the quality of life in projects.
What are some important challenges in project management?
- Identify a good fit between personality and job requirements in a particular project.
- Identify an optimal level of stress and read early signs of
exhaustion and burnout and put supports in place to support - Identify and leverage optimal levels of productivity and learning
What is leadership?
Leadership is the process of influencing others.
What factors make leadership initiatives effective?
- Targeting effectiveness
- Targeting efficiency
What is effectiveness?
- Decision-making combined with project management skills
What is efficiency?
- Targeting engagement and inhibition by managing the personal and social dynamics of others
What is direction?
Determined by group members’ collective project management skills in
combination with their collective leadership skills.
(is the group ’moving’ in the right direction?)
What is drive?
Determined by personal dynamics (e.g., personality, psychological resources)
and social dynamics (e.g., team climate)
(How fast is the group ’moving’ ?)
Why do we need both drive and direction?
- Direction without Drive means looking in the right direction without moving closer.
- Drive without direction means moving fast in the wrong direction.
What are some factors driving leadership initiative?
Personal dynamics
* Competence
* Motivation
* Confidence
Social dynamics
* Explicit roles and responsibilities
* Norms
* Psychological safety
* Support and respect
What is the difference between a manager and leadership?
▪ Manager is an organizational function: You can be a manager regardless of
how you act or behave!
▪ Leadership is an activity! You can enact leadership regardless of whether you
are in a managerial/leadership position or not.
What are some tactics to increase efficiency?
- Increase engagement and decrease inhibition.
- Focus on personality dynamics.
- Focus on social dynamics.
Why is leadership needed?
Because people are misdirected or inefficient.
Where is leadership needed?
Anywhere people work.
What is personality psychology?
Who you are determines how you feel, think, and behave.
What is social psychology?
Who you are with determines how you feel, think, and behave.
What is well-being?
- a state of happiness and contentment, with low levels of anxiety, generally good physical and mental health and vision, or good quality of life.
What is job satisfaction?
- A worker’s attitude toward his job, is often expressed as a hedonic response of liking or disliking the work itself, the rewards (salary, promotion, recognition), or the context (working conditions, colleagues). See also job involvement.
What is burnout?
Physical, emotional, or mental exhaustion is accompanied by reduced motivation, reduced performance, and negative attitudes towards self and others.
What causes burnout?
Performing at a high level until stress and tension, especially from extreme and prolonged physical or mental exertion or an overloaded workload, take their toll.
What are the 5 generic personality traits?
- Extroversion
- Agreeableness
- Conscientiousness
- Emotional Stability (Neuroticism)
- Openness
How does the Big 5 describe extroversion?
Sociable and confident
How does the Big 5 describe agreeableness?
Good-natured, cooperative, and trusting
How does the Big 5 describe conscientiousness?
Responsible, reliable, persistent, and organized
How does the Big 5 describe emotional stability (neuroticism)?
- Calm, confident, secure under stress (positive)
- Nervous, depressed, and insecure under stress (negative)
How does the Big 5 describe openness?
Curious, imaginative, artistic, and sensitive
What is emotional intelligence?
The ability to process emotional information and use it in reasoning and other cognitive activities.
What are the abilities included in emotional intelligence?
- Self-awareness and self-understanding
- Self-regulation
- Social skills
- Empathy
What is self-awareness and self-understanding?
Being able to perceive, assess, and understand one’s feelings.
What is self-regulation?
Regulating and managing in ways that favor one’s thinking, motivation, decision-making, and behavior.
What are social skills?
Understanding and being able to express oneself in emotional language and use emotional information; to regulate one’s own and other’s emotions to
promote growth and well-being.
What is empathy?
Understanding others and being able to feel others’ situations and being able to see the world from a different perspective.
How does emotional intelligence increase performance?
- Negotiation
- Colleague and customer service
- Decision-making
- Motivation
What are the three basic psychological needs?
- Need for relatedness
- Need for competence
- Need for autonomy
What are the two different types of motivation?
- Intrinsic motivation
- Extrinsic motivation
What is intrinsic motivation?
The incentive we feel to complete a task simply because we find it interesting or enjoyable.
What is extrinsic motivation?
When you get rewarded for your work (eg, rewards).
What are some important implications for work rewards?
- Internal and external driving forces are not independent
- Extrinsic motivators (eg, rewards) reduce (mostly) intrinsic motivators
- For most jobs, pay should not be dependent on performance
What does affect our well-being?
- Need for acceptance: The need for positive social engagement
- Need for optimal predictability: The desire to know the connections of things around us
- Need for skills: The skills that serve us well in the world
What are the three psychological resources?
- Motivation
- Emotions
- Attention
What can build or deplete our psychological resources?
- Acceptance
- Competence
- Optimal predictability
