Leadership Flashcards
What is the relationship between intelligence and leadership, and personality and leadership?
- Small but significant relationship between intelligence and leadership ability.
- Weak correlations between personality traits and leadership ability.
What does the situational perspective of leadership suggest?
Strong leaders often emerge from situational crises.
What are the three leadership styles and what do they entail?
- Authoritarian: Leader determines policy.
- Democratic: Leader encourages group discussion and decision.
- Laissez-faire: Leader does not participate in policy decisions.
Who proposed the contingency model of leadership?
Fiedler.
How are the three leadership styles defined within task and socio-emotional focus?
- Autocratic leadership: task focus.
- Democratic leadership: task focus and socio-emotional focus.
- Laissez-faire: socio-emotional focus.
What are some potential consequences of leadership styles?
- Aggressive behaviour.
- Group atmosphere.
- Productivity.
Under the contingency model of leadership, how can leadership differ?
- Personal orientation (task vs. socio-emotional).
- Level of control (high vs. low).
What is the basis of the leader-member exchange theory?
It is a ‘transactional’ theory of leadership.
What is one limitation of the contingency model?
The assumption is that leaders will either be task oriented or relations oriented.
Evidence indicates that some leaders are oriented towards both the task and relations with the group.
What is the relationship between task vs. socio-emotional focus and concerns.
- Task-oriented style = high concern for production.
- Socio-emotional style = high concern for people.
What is transactional leadership?
A process of exchange that is comparable to contractual relations in economic life and contingent on the good faith of the participants.
Describe a low quality exchange relationship under leader-member exchange theory.
- Followers are seen as ‘hired hands’.
- The relationship is distant.
Describe a high quality exchange relationship under leader-member exchange theory.
- Followers are seen as ‘trusted assistants’
- Co-operation between all.
What is one limitation of the leader-member exchange theory?
It focuses on leader-follower relations and does not take into account leadership as a group process.
What is the basis behind social identity theory in application to leadership?
The idea that a person’s self-concept and self-esteem derive not only from personal identity and accomplishments but also from the status and accomplishments of the various groups to which a person belongs.
