LEA-Supplement

Question 1

during quiet standing, the line of gravity has the tendency to have what action at each joint?

Answer 1

hyperextend the hip,
hyperextend the knee,
dorsiflex the ankle

Question 2

lurch gait: cause

Answer 2

due to paralysis or weakness of the GLUT MAX and hamstrings

Question 3

lurch gait: description

Answer 3

hand drops down, thorax moves posteriorly on the affected arm - patient walks lurching forward

Question 4

trendelenberg sign

Answer 4

during standing, patient lifts foot (unaffected side) off ground and pelvis is at least initially droops on the unaffected side;

or, during swing phase, pelvis droops on unaffected side

Question 5

trendelenberg cause

Answer 5

paralysis/lesion of gluteus medius and minimus

Question 6

rule for spinal nerves

Answer 6

the disc (e.g. L4/L5) involved is the one ABOVE the vertebra (L5) of the same number (L5) as the involved spinal nerve

Question 7

stenosis

Answer 7

stricture of any canal or orifice

Question 8

spondylosis

Answer 8

any lesion of the spine of a degenerative nature

Question 9

spondylolysis

Answer 9

degeneration or deficient development of a portion of the vertebrae; commonly involves the pars interarticularis

Question 10

spondylolisthesis

Answer 10

forward movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebra below it, or upon the sacrum

Question 11

spina bifida

Answer 11

“split spine” - incomplete fusion of one or more of the neural/vertebral arches

Question 12

body - vertebra in sacrum

Answer 12

in adult, typically 5 segments are fused together