LE Tests Flashcards
What 4 tests are used to assess joint mobility and integrity of the hip?
- Lateral/medial translation
- Distraction
- Compression
- Anteroposterior/ posteroanterior glides
What are 4 quick tests to assess ROM at the hip?
- Place foot on standard step
- Forward bend
- Squatting
- Sitting with leg crossed
What are 7 functional tests of the hip?
- Squatting
- Reciprocal stairs
- Crossing the ankle to the opposite knee in sitting
- Stars 2 at a time
Running: (Straight plane/ decelerating) - One legged hop
- Jumping
What exercise is used commonly in treating hamstrings? Describe it.
- Stomach-lying hip extension
- Prone with pillow under torso
- Activate abdominals, squeeze “seat muscles”
- Barely lift thigh off floor
Describe the capsular pattern of hip hypomobility.
- 50 - 500 degrees of limitation of femoral abduction
- 0 degrees of femoral rotation from neutral
- 90 degrees of limitation of femoral flexion
- 10 - 30 degrees limitaiton of femoral extension
- Femoral ER and adduction are normal
Describe the 6 components of examination of a patient with a hip impairment.
- Posture: Asymmetry in standing
- Gait: (trendelenberg, hip excursion/ ROM, Avoidance
- Clear LSS, Knee
- ROM
- Flexibility
- MMT
Describe the sign of the buttock.
- Limited SLR
- Hip and knee flexion are limited and painful
What 6 pathologies are indicated by the sign of the buttock?
- Osteomyelitis
- Septic arthritis/ bursitis
- Ischiorectal abscess
- Rheumatic fever with bursitis
- Neoplasm of the femur or ilium
- Fractured sacrum
What are 2 functional scales of the hip?
- LEFS
- Harris hip function scale
What 4 impairments/ pathologies do the hip scour and hip quadrant test for?
- Labrum integrity
- Capsulitis
- OA
- Femoral acetabular impingement syndrome
Describe a hip scour.
- Patient supine
- PT flexes Pt’s knee, provides axial load through femur
- PT performs sweeing compression and lateral rotation movement from ER to IR
- Assess pain or apprehension at any point during the test.
Describe a hip quadrant.
- Pt supine
- PT flexes Pt’s knee, provides axial load through knee
- ERs, ABDs, and FLXs hip
- PT moves patient into IR, ADD, and FLX, with axial load
- Assess reproduction of hip symptoms
What 3 tests assess a tear of the gluteus medius?
- Trendelenburg’s sign
- Resisted hip ABD
- Passive IR
Describe trendelenburg’s sign.
- Pt stands in front of examiner
- Pt stands on one leg
- PT evaluatews degree of drop of contralateral pelvis once the leg if lifted
- Compare to opposite side (abnormal drop confirms)
- Confirm diagnosis by watching patient ambulate
Describe resisted hip ABD.
- Pt sidelying on unaffected side
- Pt ABDs to 45 degrees
- PT resists abduction just distal to knee
- Assess reproduction of symptoms
Describe passive IR.
- Pt supine
- Hip FLX to 90 degrees
- PT moves hip into IR
- Assess reproduction of pain (positive for tear of gluteus medius)
- Assess limitation of IR (positive OA)
How is OA assessed?
- Range of motion plane assessment.
Describe ROM plane assessment for OA.
- Pt prone; knee flexed; move hip into EXT
Pt supine:
- Hip FLX to 90 degrees; move into IR and ER
- Hip FLX maximally
- Assess hip ABD
- For all tests: assess limitation in ROM as well as reproduction of symptoms
What is the special test for ITB restriction?
- Ober test
Describe Ober test.
- Pt sidelying on unaffected side
- Preposition knee into FLX
- Stabilize pelvis at iliac crest
- Put Hip into slight EXT and ABD
- Use goniometer or inclinometer
- Measure amount of adduction/ abduction
- Try to lower leg to mat (if not, positive test)
What 3 tests assess Anterior or Lateral Capsular restriction or hip flexor tightness?
- Patrick/ FABER test
- Thomas test
- Prone hip extension test
Describe the Patrick/ FABER test.
- Pt supine; assess resting symptoms
- Affected side placed in figure four position, with lateral malleolus resting slightly proximal to the knee of the contralateral leg
- PT provides gentle downward pressure on ipsilateral knee, and contralateral ASIS.
- Assess pain near anterior or lateral capsule of hip
Describe the Thomas test.
- Pt sits at the edge of the plinth; Pt lies back, pulling both knees to their chest
- Unaffected leg held to chest, and other leg lowered into hip EXT; knee may extend
- Pt rotates pelvis posteriorly
- PT measures extension of hip and or knee with goniometer
- Decreased EXT is a positive test
Describe the prone hip extension test.
- Pt prone
- Place belt around PSIS and proximal to gluteal fold
- Unencumber hip extension
- PT passively moves hip into EXT
- Hip EXT measured with goniometer
- Assess tightness of hip flexors