LE Mobility/Neuro functional testing Flashcards
What segments are being tested when asking pt to perform heel walking? (Opposite of toe walking)
L4-L5
What segments are being tested when asking the pt to perform toe walking?
S1
What segments are being tested when asking pt to perform a SLR?
May also be used to test for what?
Upper Extremity:
C5- shoulder abduction. C6– Elbow flexion Wrist extension C7 – Elbow extension C8 – Thumb Extension and wrist ulnar deviation T1 – Finger abduction
Lower Extremity:
L2 – Hip flexion***** L3 – Knee extension L4 – Ankle dorsiflexion L5 – Big toe extension S1 – Ankle plantarflexion[4]
Resistive testing for hip flexion corresponds to L?-L?
L1-L2
Resistive testing for [ knee extension ] corresponds to L?-L?
L3-L4
Resistive testing for [ ankle DF ] corresponds to L?-L?
L4-L5 (same for heel walking)
Resistive testing for [ Great toe extension ] corresponds to L?
L5
Resistive testing for [ Ankle PF ] corresponds to what nerve root
S1 (same for toe walking)
Reflex testing @ patella corresponds to L?
L4 (Rectus Fem = knee extension)
Reflex testing at Achilles corresponds to S?
S1 (Gastroc = PF = toe walk)
Dermatome level of anterior thigh corresponds to L?
L2 (prox thigh)
L3 - hand width above knee
Dermatome level of [ Middle 3rd of anterior thigh ] corresponds to L?
L3 (mid 3rd)
Dermatome level of [ Patella, Medial Malleolus of ankle] corresponds to L?
L4 (extensor reflex testing @ patella)
Dermatome level of [ Dorsum of foot, fibular head] corresponds to L?
L5 (dorsiflexors)
Dermatome testing level of [lateral + plantar aspect of foot] corresponds to S?
S1
Dermatome level of [Medial posterior thigh] corresponds to S?
S2
Dermatome level of [Perianal area] corresponds to S?
S3-5
The lumbar plexus is formed from nerve roots X-X; innervates the ___ and ___ (areas of body) muscles of the body and the dermatomes of the ______ Leg and foot. The largest and most important branches are the ___ and ___ nerves.
Roots: lower thoracic and lumbar ventral nerve roots (T12 to L5)
Innervates: Medial + Anterior mm of body
Dermatomes: Medial leg and foot
Most important nerves: Obturator + Femoral
The sacral plexus roots come via S1-S4; directly supplies ____ mm and, via sciatic nerve, innervates MM of ____ and ___.
Directly supplies glutes;
Sciatic supplies mm of posterior thigh + lower leg
What nerve spawns form L5?
Peroneal Nerve
Roots implicated in foot drop?
Foot drop is commonly caused by radiculopathy of the L5 nerve root. Sometimes, radiculopathy from L4 and/or S1 may also cause foot drop.
L4-S3 spinal nerve roots provides motor and sensory innervation to most of the ????
AKA? Divides into?
posterior leg and foot
AKA sciatic nerve
divides into the tibial and common peroneal (fibular) branches
innervates the sartorius, pectineus, quadriceps femoris, and iliacus muscle of the iliopsoas. It receives nerve supply by the nerve roots L2 through L4,
Femoral nerve
Common nerve injury during medial LE trauma or pelvic surgery? deficiencies?
Obturator nerve damage
decreased hip ADD and MR
Function of Femoral Nerve and Common mode of injury?
Femoral = Hip flexion + knee extension
common injury = pelvic fx
Lateral LE injury fibular fx may damage what nerve and cause what deficiencies?
Common Peroneal Nerve
PED - Peroneal damage leads to loss of Eversion and DF deficiency with Dorsum loss of sensation
Tibial nerve injury results in? common mode of injury?
Bakers cyst behind knee or knee trauma
TIP - Tibial nerve damage leads to loss of INversion and PF, with loss at the TIP of the heel (s1)
Superior gluteus nerve damage results in what?
Where does this nerve pass?
Trendelenberg gt on opposite side
only nerve to pass through the sciatic notch above the piriformis muscle
Inferior glute nerve is most commonly injured by? deficiency in?
Posterior hip dislocation
deficiency in hip extension
LE MYOTOME TESTING
L1-2 ? L3-4? L4? L5? S1?
Lower Extremity:
L1-2 – Hip flexion L3 – Knee extension L4 – Ankle dorsiflexion L5 – Big toe extension S1 – Ankle plantarflexion
