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LD 34 > LD 34 Glossary > Flashcards

LD 34 Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

airborne pathogen

A

A pathogen that is spread by tiny droplets sprayed during breathing, coughing, or sneezing

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2
Q

anaphylaxis (anaphylactic shock)

A

A severe life-threatening allergic reaction caused by exposure to certain allergens

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3
Q

avulsion

A

An open wound characterized by a part or structure of the body being forcibly torn or cut away

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4
Q

biological death

A

The point when breathing and circulation stop, brain cells die due to lack of oxygen, and vital organs begin to deteriorate

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5
Q

blood borne pathogen

A

A pathogen that is spread when the blood or other body fluids (e.g., semen, phlegm, mucus membranes, etc.) of one person come into contact with an open wound or sore of another

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6
Q

cardiac arrest

A

A state when a victim is unresponsive, not breathing, and has no carotid pulse to indicate circulation

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7
Q

chemical burn

A

Burn caused by acids or alkalis coming into contact with the skin

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8
Q

chest thrust

A

A maneuver used to force obstructions from a victim’s airway; used instead of abdominal thrusts when the victim has abdominal injuries, is in late stages of pregnancy, is too obese for abdominal thrusts to be effective, or is an infant

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9
Q

clinical death

A

The moment breathing and circulation stop, reversible condition if basic life support is begun immediately

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10
Q

dermis

A

Second layer of the skin containing nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands

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11
Q

diabetes

A

A condition brought on when the body does not produce a sufficient amount of insulin

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12
Q

diabetic coma

A

Overly high levels of glucose in the bloodstream (i.e., hyperglycemia)

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13
Q

epidermis

A

Outer-most layer of the skin

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14
Q

epinephrine

A

A hormone produced by the body; when administered as a medication, it will constrict blood vessels and dilate the bronchioles helping to open a victim’s airway

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15
Q

fainting

A

A form of shock characterized by sudden unconsciousness

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16
Q

first-degree burn

A

Damage only to the epidermis, also known as a superficial burn

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17
Q

flail chest

A

A condition where the ribs and/or sternum is fractured and a segment of the chest wall does not move

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18
Q

focused survey

A

A systematic examination of a victim to determine whether serious conditions exist; includes gathering information, conducting heat-to-toe check for injuries, and checking vital signs

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19
Q

fourth-degree burn

A

Damage to epidermis, dermis, fatty layer, muscle, bone, and underlying organs, also known as a full thickness burn

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20
Q

frostnip

A

Superficial freezing of outer layer of skin

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21
Q

gastric distention

A

When air is forced into the victim’s stomach as well as lungs, causing the stomach to become distended; can happen during rescue breathing maneuver

22
Q

head-tilt/chin-lift

A

Technique used to open a victim’s airway when there are no indications of head, neck, or spinal injury

23
Q

heat cramps

A

A condition caused when the body loses too much salt due to prolonged perspiration

24
Q

heat exhaustion

A

A form of shock that can occur when the body becomes dehydrated; more serious than heat cramps

25
Q

heat stroke

A

A life-threatening condition which occurs when the body’s internal temperature rises abnormally high

26
Q

hypothermia

A

When the body’s internal temperature drops to the point where body systems are affected

27
Q

implied consent

A

The legal position that assumes that an unconscious, confused, or seriously ill victim would consent to receiving emergency medical services if that person were able to do so

28
Q

incision

A

An open wound characterized by a smooth, straight cut caused by a sharp object

29
Q

initial survey

A

A rapid systematic process for detecting life-threatening medical conditions; includes assessment for responsiveness, airway, breathing, circulation, control of major bleeding, and treatment for shock

30
Q

insulin

A

A hormone produced by the pancreas that must be present in the body in order for glucose to pass from the bloodstream into the body’s cells

31
Q

insulin shock

A

Overly low levels of glucose in the bloodstream; hypoglycemia

32
Q

laceration

A

An open wound characterized by a jagged-edged wound caused by objects tearing or ripping the skin

33
Q

mild airway obstruction

A

When the victim indicates an airway problem (i.e., choking) but is able to speak or cough

34
Q

occlusive dressing

A

A nonporous dressing used to cover a wound and create an air-tight seal

35
Q

open wound

A

Any injury where the skin has been broken, exposing the tissue underneath

36
Q

paradoxical breathing

A

When both sides of the chest do not move in a synchronized manner

37
Q

penetrating puncture

A

Open wound with only an entrance wound; can be shallow or deep

38
Q

perforating puncture

A

Open wound with an entrance wound and an exit wound

39
Q

perfusion

A

The continued flow of blood through the capillaries supplying the tissues and organs of the body with oxygen and removing waste products

40
Q

prone

A

face down

41
Q

puncture

A

An open wound characterized by a deep wound through the skin and other tissue

42
Q

respiratory arrest

A

Complete cessation of breathing

43
Q

respiratory failure

A

The inability to intake oxygen, to the point where life cannot be sustained

44
Q

second-degree burn

A

Damage to the epidermis and dermis, as known as partial thickness

45
Q

severe airway obstruction

A

When a victim is unconscious and unable to breath after the airway has been opened and a finger sweep performed, or conscious but unable to speak, cough, or breathe

46
Q

shock

A

A life-threatening condition caused by inadequate tissue perfusion

47
Q

supine

A

On the victim’s back (face up)

48
Q

thermal burn

A

Burn caused by direct heat

49
Q

third-degree burn

A

Damage to the epidermis, dermis, and into fatty layer and muscle beneath the skin also known as full thickness burn

50
Q

frostbite

A

Freezing of tissue below the skin surface

LD 34 (2 decks)

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