LBP Flashcards
Difference between cauda equine syndrome and radiculopathy
Radiculopathy is compression of single nerve root anywhere along the spine usually due to herniated disc, spinal stenosis or bone spurs
Cauda equine is compression of cauda equine nerve roots (multiple nerve roots) and is considered an emergency. Usually caused by herniated disc, trauma, infection or tumour.
Symptoms
Cauda equine:
Severe LBP
Weakness or paralysis in the legs
Loss of bladder or bowel control
Sexual dysfunction
Numbness or tingling in saddle area
Raduculopathy:
Pain radiating to affected arm or leg
Numbness in arm or leg
Weakness in specific muscle affected
Causes of LBP
- Nonspecific
- Specific:
Spinal cord or cauda equine
Metastatic cancer
Spinal epidural abscess
Vertebral osteomyelitis
Less specific
Vertebral compression fracture
Radiculopathy
Spinal stenosis
Osteoarthritis
Scoliosis and hyperkyphosis
Red flags in LBP
Hx of malignancy
Progressively worsening
Systemic symptoms
What do you do if a patient has a positive ESR and negative plain radiography
MRI
Investigation for patient with suspected spinal cord or cauda equina compression or worsening severe neurologic deficits (new urinary retention, incontinence from bladder overflow, new faecal incontinence, saddle anaesthesia or motor deficits not localised to a single root
Lumbar spine MRI
