Layers of the Earth Flashcards
What are the layers of the earth?
- crust
- mantle
- outer core
- inner core
how thick is the crust?
It is a thin layer that can be 5km thin or 90km thin
normaly its 30km thin
What is on the crust?
Mountains, beaches,oceans,lakes,rivers, tectonic plates
How thick is the Mantle?
3000km thick.
It is the thickest layer.
It is 60% of the earths mass!
How hot is the mantle?
The upper mantle is 500-900 celcius
The lower mantle 4000 celcius
What is the mantle made of?
Hot Rock that flows like treade.
What causes volcanoes?
The mantle leaks!
What is the outer core made of?
Iron and nickel
What is the temperature of the outer core?
Over 4000c as hot as the sun.
What does the outer core do?
It moves around the inner core and creates a magnetic field.
What is the inner core made of?
Iron and nickel!
How hot is the inner core?
Over 5000 celcius
How big is the inner core?
The radius 1220km
What does the inner core do?
Engine room of the earth and produces a lot of heat
What are the 4 layers of soil
- Humus
- Top soil
- Subsoil
- Bedrock
What is humus
It is the top layer of soil and it is made up of rotting dead leaves and animals
What is top soil?
Where plants grow their roots. There are very few rocks
What is subsoil?
It is made of more rocks and stones in clay
This soil is full of nutirents
What else can be in subsoil?
There may be fosils or tree roots may reach into the soil
What is bedrock?
A mass of rock. This rock might be made up of granite, basalt, quartzite, limestone or sandstone and fossils.
