Layers of skin Flashcards
How do the epidermis receive nutrients and oxygen?
There are no blood vessels or nerve endings in epidermis but its deep layers are bathed in interstitial fluid from the dermis which provides oxygen and nutrients.
Where do epidermis cell originate?
Basal layer; cuboidal, nucleated and highly active epithelial cells i.e., constantly dividing.
What are dead cells called ?
Squames: Cytoplasm has been replaced by the fibrous protein keratin.
How are dermal papillae arranged in palms of hand and soles of feet?
Parallel lines giving a ridged appearance.
State the function of Merkel and Langerhans cells.
Merkel cells; receptors for touch.
Langerhans cell; phagocytosis and immunity.
List down sensory receptors and its stimulus
Merkel cell - Light touch
Meissner’s corpuscle - Light pressure
Pacinian corpuscle - Deep pressure
Free nerve ending - Pain
What is dermis made up of?
Fibrous connective tissue
What is the function of sebaceous glands?
Inhibits the growth of pathogen, prevent drying of the skin and hair.
What gland produces cerumen or ear wax?
Ceruminous gland
What is the consequence of prolonged pressure to the dermis?
May occlude the blood flow leading to death of calls giving rise to ulcers known as decubitus ulcers or bed sores or pressure sores.
Difference between eccrine and apocrine sweat gland.
In eccrine gland, their duct open onto the skin surface through tiny pores. Important in regulating body temperature.
In apocrine gland, their duct open into hair follicles. They become active at puberty and may play a role in sexual arousal.
What is the gland that causes bacterial decomposition leading to an unpleasant odour?
Apocrine gland
Write down the function of arterioles.
Dilate in response to warmth to increase heat loss.
Constrict in response to cold to conserve body heat.
Constrict in stressful situations to shunt blood to more vital organs.
