Layers and Protocols

Question 1

HTTP = ________ protocol

Answer 1

HTTP = hypertext transfer protocol

Question 2

What does the HTTP do?

Answer 2

Accesses and receives web pages in the form of HTML files on the Internet.

Question 3

How does the HTTP work?

Answer 3

It requests the web server to upload the requested web page to the users browser.

Question 4

HTTPS = _____ protocol

Answer 4

HTTPS = secure protocol

Question 5

What does the HTTPS do?

Answer 5

It encrypts information so it cannot be understood if hacked.

Question 6

FTP = _______ protocol

Answer 6

FTP = file transfer protocol

Question 7

What does the FTP do?

Answer 7

It is used to send or retrieve files to or from a remote server or computer.

Question 8

What is a network protocol?

Answer 8

A set of rules that allows the sharing of data between different devices in the same network.

Question 9

SMTP = __________

Answer 9

SMTP = simple mail transfer

Question 10

What does the SMTP do?

Answer 10

It is used to transfer email between remote email servers.

Question 11

How does the SMTP work?

Answer 11

The software sends the message to the mail server and contacts the destination mail server to pass an email using SMTP.

Question 12

POP = _______ protocol

Answer 12

POP = post office protocol

Question 13

IMAP = _______________ protocol

Answer 13

IMAP = internet message access protocol

Question 14

What does POP and IMAP do?

Answer 14

These email retrieval protocols fetch data and attachments from your remote mail server.

Question 15

What is the difference between POP and IMAP?

Answer 15

POP downloads the entire message to the device and deletes them from the server, whilst IMAP only downloads the message header until the message is opened, and will leave the message on the server.

Question 16

TCP/IP protocol stack = _________ protocol

Answer 16

TCP/IP protocol stack = transmission control protocol

Question 17

What does TCP/IP protocol stack do?

Answer 17

Defines four layers in which different protocols operate to pass data packets across a network.

Question 18

What are the four layers in the TCP/IP protocol stack?

Answer 18

Application layer, Transport layer, Network layer, Link layer

Question 19

What does the Application Layer do?

Answer 19

Network applications operate on this layer, and the layer selects the correct protocol to use depending on which application it is and what you are trying to do.

Question 20

What does the Transport Layer do?

Answer 20

Creates the connection between two computers, and agrees the communication settings and the size of the packets they will send and receive. It also divides the data into packets and resends any lost packets.

Question 21

What do recipient Transport layers do?

Answer 21

They reassemble the packets sent to them.

Question 22

What does the Network Layer do?

Answer 22

Routers operate on this Layer, and it writes destination addresses onto the pockets to make them ready for transmission.

Question 23

What does the Data Link Layer do?

Answer 23

It is the physical hardware that connects the two hosts, such as the NIC or cabling.