Layering

Question 1

What is the importance of layering in a network?

Answer 1

• It divides a network in to layers, each with its own specific functio, making the network easy to manage and understand
• It makes the network flexible and adaptable as changes in one layer can happen without affecting the other layers and new protocols and technologies can be intergrated without disrupting the network
• It makes the network easy to troubleshoot as problems can be isolated to specific layers

Question 2

Differenciate between the OSI model and the TCP/IP model?

Answer 2

The OSI model is a conceptual frame for network architecture, which is comprehensive and structured with 7 layers.(name the layers)
While the tcp/ip model is practical implementation of networks, that is flexible and aligned with protocols and standards used in modern network communication

Question 3

Differenciate between UPD and TCP

Answer 3

• TCP is a connection oreinted protocol that provides relaible and ordered data transmission between devices in a network.
• UPD is a connectionless protocol that provides fast but unreliable data transmision between devices in a network.

Question 4

Describe the process of data encapsulation in the OSI model.

Answer 4

• Applciation layer: It breaks down date into small units called segments, each segment has a header containing the source and destination port numbers
• Presentation layer: It converts data to a format that can be understood by the recipient
• Session layer: It establishes, manages and terminate the connection between devices
• Transport layer: It futher divides the data into smaller units called datagrams, each datagram has a header containing the source and destination ip address
• Network layer: It adds routing information to each datagram
• Data link layer: It adds headers and trailers to the datagrams containg the source and destination MAC addresses
• Physical layer: It encodes data into a format that can be traminsted over a pysical medium e.g electrical signals