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Religion > Law, Freedom, and Moral Acts > Flashcards

Law, Freedom, and Moral Acts Flashcards

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1
Q

why is quarreling specifically a human quality

A

because it means trying to prove that someone else is wrong. This means that we have an agreed upon sense of right and wrong, and a standard of behavior which we hold each other to.

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2
Q

What is quarreling trying to do

A

prove the other wrong, expect other to know standard of right and wrong

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3
Q

what is the law of human nature

A

the law of right and wrong

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4
Q

what is the difference between the law of nature for people and things

A

things cannot choose to obey laws, they just do. It is a description of how they always behave. For humans we have a choice and it describes what we should do, but do not always do.

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5
Q

why does lewis say we are forced to believe in real right and wrong

A

because we all adhere to it and have throughout history.

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6
Q

how does lewis say our use of excuses show that all men believe in the law of nature

A

we know that we have fallen short of the understood standard of behavior and we want to shift the blame. There would be no point in shifting the blame if we did not feel guilty.

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7
Q

what are the two points he wants to make in this chapter

A

humans believe they should behave in a certain way and cannot get rid of this belief, yet they do not behave in this way. They know the law and break it.

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8
Q

why cant we say that following moral law is useful to us

A

a war prisoner can be useful to us, but being a nazi is very bad. Cheating can be useful, but it is not morally correct. Good behvior like telling the truth is not always convinient or helpful. If this was man made we would make it useful and convinient.

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9
Q

ESSAY QUESTION
How is Lewis able to conclude that the law of nature is not manmade

A
  • we feel natural law pressing in on us by quarelling (trying to show other is in the wrong, and expecting other to know right and wrong and follow a standard of behavior) and making excuses (we know that we have fallen short of standard and are trying to shift the blame)
  • it is not a matter of taste or preference it is universal (applies to all people at all times. There has never been a society that praises selfishness)
  • it is not useful or convinient (many times bad behavior is useful and good behavior is not)
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10
Q

natural law does not come from man, it is written on his heart urging him to do good and avoid evil. This proves the existence of a law which implies the existence of a

A

law giver/maker

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11
Q

The law helps bring us to our ultimate end in heaven, meaning that it does not keep us from happiness but

A

brings happiness

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12
Q

what is law

A

An obligatory, resonable, and useful rule given to benefit the community (lead them towards God) which is made known to the people by someone with legitiment authority over them.

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13
Q

Eternal law

A

plan of divine wisdom directing all acts and movements

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14
Q

cosmos means -, while chaos means

A

order, confusion

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15
Q

properties of eternal law

A

primordial and universal

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16
Q

primordial

A

foundational, the starting point for all laws

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17
Q

universal

A

applies to every creature

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18
Q

natural law

A

rational creature’s participation in eternal law; written on the heart of every human being

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19
Q

natural law states that we can understand right and wrong through

A

reason

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20
Q

natural law recognizes order both

A

within the universe and within the individual

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21
Q

natural law properties

A

immutable, universal

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22
Q

immutible

A

unchanging

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23
Q

laws of nature

A

descriptions of behavior of the material universe; describes how things work

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24
Q

since man has -, he can chose to follow natural law or reject it

A

free will

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25
Q

positive law

A

a law which has been formally laid down or imposed; made known to us by external sign

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26
Q

divine positive law

A

legistlated by god (decaloug or 10 commandments)

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27
Q

ecclesiastical law

A

legistlated by church

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28
Q

what is a positivist

A

someone who claims we must just follow written law without thinking abt if it is unjust

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29
Q

civil positive law

A

legistlated by the government

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30
Q

evangelical law

A

from the gospel, to shape your life according to christ, beautittudes and sacraments

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31
Q

human laws should correspond to

A

god’s will

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32
Q

moral good and evil procede from the

A

nature of things; things are not good or evil because you want them to be or anyone says they are

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33
Q

foundation of good and evil is

A

truth

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34
Q

just laws correspond to

A

natural law

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35
Q

because just laws correspond to natural law, they have the power to bind us in conciounse making disobeying them

A

a sin

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36
Q

laws which do not correspond to natural law are

A

unresonable, unjust, and need not be obeyed

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37
Q

popular view of freedom to do whatever I want is actually not freedom but

A

license

38
Q

freedom is

A

power rooted in the will to perform deliberate actions on own responsibility

39
Q

to be truly free means to

A

use ones freedom to choose good

40
Q

true freedom

A

the ability to do good to achieve happiness

41
Q

how is moral law like a map

A

it leads us to the end goal of god, and shows us where we could go wrong. If you want to get to god the map will be helpful but if you just want to step where you want the map will be annoying.

42
Q

the human person can achieve his goal/fail to achieve it through

A

his actions

43
Q

we make ourseleves the person we are through our (our actions -)

A

actions, (define us)

44
Q

because man is a moral being we are

A

morally responsible for our actions

45
Q

man acts with

A

intellegence and free will

46
Q

a human act is one that is performed with

A

knowledge and free will, meaning that man has control over his action. He is responsible for it.

47
Q

acts of man

A

act accomplished without knowledge/freedom, not responsible

48
Q

what people are unable of comitting human acts

A

under the age of reason, insane

49
Q

moral act

A

any action that results from a delieberate choice between good and evil or different degrees of goodness

50
Q

impediments to knowledge

A

ignorance

51
Q

invincible ignorance

A

ignorance which cannot be overcome by ordinary dilligence, not responsible

52
Q

vincible ignorance

A

ignorance that can be overcome by ordinary diligence, one is negligent in finding the truth. still responsible.

53
Q

willful ignorance

A

deliberetly keeping self from knowledge. responsible.

54
Q

the more good you do

A

the freer you become

55
Q

sinful people are - by their passions

A

enslaved

56
Q

human freedom is limited because man is limited, thus we cannot

A

do whatever we want (fly like a bird)

57
Q

freedom has a dependence on

A

truth

58
Q

truth corresponds to

A

objective reality

59
Q

human freedom is ordered to -, doing evil is not freedom but _

A

do good, an abuse of freedom

60
Q

because God respects our human freedom we cannot blame him for war/hunger

A

true

61
Q

we can grow in freedom by recieving

A

grace

62
Q

violence

A

movement exerted by an external source contrary to the will of the person it is exerted on. Impediment to freedom.

63
Q

violence can change what actions someone takes but they cannot change

A

their desires

64
Q

impediments to freedom

A

violence, fear

65
Q

fear

A

emotion caused by evil or danger, felt in the soul

66
Q

if fear is so intense that it deprives you of your reason it can destroy the

A

voluntariness of an act

67
Q

normally fear only lessens the

A

voluntariness of an act

68
Q

concupisence

A

unruly desires of the body

69
Q

antecedent concupisence

A

it is not willed in itself. (example: you did not wish to see someone naked, but you still thought lustfully about them instead of looking away) lessens responsibility slightly, but mortal sins are still mortal sins.

70
Q

consequent concupisence

A

follows the act of the will. completely deliberate actions, increases the voluntarinesss.

71
Q

concupisence does not destroy your

A

responsibility for doing evil actions

72
Q

god’s grace does not diminish our freedom but rather enlightens out minds and strengthens our will

A

true

73
Q

conscience is not

A

a feeling, theoretical judgement

74
Q

conscience is a

A

practical judgement that judges a particular act as right or wrong

75
Q

conscience comes from cum scienta which means

A

with knowledge

76
Q

conscience is a wittness because it

A

confronts man with the law and becomes a wittness to his faithfulness to God’s law

77
Q

we have an obligation to form a sound conscience which is - to make correct moral judgements

A

necessary

78
Q

how do we form a conscience

A

acceptance of moral teachings of the church as our mother and teacher, knowledge of christian life and doctrine seek out truth, prayer and meditation conversation with god, personal examination, spiritual direction (meeting with priest)

79
Q

divisions of conscience

A

antecedent (preceeds actions, is what I am doing good or evil), concomitant (during action), consequent (after)

80
Q

a true or correct conscience will

A

deduce from true principals if something is lawful

81
Q

erroneous conscience

A

decides from false principles considered as true that something is lawful which is actually unlawful

82
Q

doubtful conscience

A

doubt the moral good of every action, cannot make a choice

83
Q

evil means never justify

A

good ends

84
Q

love for god and neighbor

A

overrides any other consideration

85
Q

golden rule

A

treat others how you want to be treated

86
Q

scrupulous conscience

A

judges an action to be morally wrong when in fact it is not

87
Q

lax conscience

A

judges mortal sins to be venial and venial to be no sin at all

88
Q

conscience is not without error so we must always

A

seek to know true good

89
Q

culpability is

A

weakened intellect

90
Q

we can become blind to the truth through

A

habitual sin or refusing to seek what is good

Religion (4 decks)

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