Law & Ethics - My Cards Flashcards
What is an ADULTERATED drug?
Drugs that contain unsanitary components, lack adequate manufacture controls, differ in strength from official compendium, or have been mixed with another substance.
AAFCO
Association of American Feed Control Officials
Oversees veterinary dietary supplements along with NASC, since animal dietary supplements are not FDA-approved.
ACA
2010
Affordable Care Act
Designed to expand access to health care insurance, decrease rising costs, and focus on prevention and wellness.
Accident Logs/Forms Required by OSHA & how many employees required to be enforced?
For businesses with 11 or more employees:
- Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses (OSHA Form 300)
- Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses (OSHA Form 300A) - must be posted at end of year by Feb 1 and remain until April 30
- Incident & Injury Reports (OSHA Form 301) - required to be filled out within 7 calendar days of receiving notice that an incident has occurred.
Adverse Drug Event
Adverse drug event
Adverse event associated with the use of an animal drug. Also includes lack of efficacy, product defect, human exposure.
Should be reported to manufacturer first and then to FDA if desired.
Administrative Requirements Under OSHA
- Posters & Notices
- Notices of inspections (citations must be posted for 3 days or until violation is corrected, whichever is longer)
- Warning and identification signs
- Written plans (required for businesses with 10 or more employees)
AMDUCA
1994
Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act
Made ELDU legal for non food-producing animals. For food-producing animals, there are many more restrictions for ELDU.
Controlled substances - power of attorney rights
With power of attorney, vets who are agents of principal vet may order controlled substances under the registration of the principal vet.
Does not apply to prescribing.
Must still be agent of principal vet to administer/dispense.
Controlled substance losses equal to or greater than ____ must be reported to the DEA, police dept, and state board of pharmacy.
3% for the year
CSA
1970
Controlled Substance Act
Improved control over controlled substances by providing a “closed” system for legitimate handlers of these drugs. Deters illegal diversion.
Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
DEA
1973
Drug Enforcement Administration
Enforces the CSA (Controlled Substance Act of 1970)
DEA Form 106
Used to report theft or loss of controlled drugs.
Drugs that require greater client discussion
- Anesthetics
- Psychotropics
- Chemotherapeutics
ELDU
Extra label drug use
Use of drug other than in accordance with FDA regulations
Emergency and Fire Plans should include:
- Escape procedures and route assignments
- Procedures to be followed by workers remaining to shut down or perform critical operations before they evacuate.
- Procedures to account for all employees after evacuation.
- Rescue and medical duties for those workers who are to perform them.
- Preferred means of reporting fires and other emergencies.
Employer’s Responsibilities Under OSHA
- Provide a workplace free from recognized and unnecessary hazards.
- Set, enforce, and communicate safety rules to staff members (Hospital Safety Manual)
- Provide PPE and directions for use.
- Provide training and instructions on job hazards and how to protect themselves.
Employer’s Rights Under OSHA
- Set and enforce safety rules
- Be present during an inspection/investigation
- Require a warrant before inspection
- Request inspection be postponed a reasonable time
- Expect that trade secrets will not be divulged after an inspection.
- Consult an attorney before, during, after an inspection and before responding to an inquiry
- See any complaint that’s been alleged
- Insist that staff members be interviewed at times convenient to the business
- Right to appeal findings/citations
EPA
1970
Environmental Protection Agency
Regulates topical parasiticides under FIFRA
Fair Credit Reporting Act
Federal law that regulates prescreening reports issued to employers by credit reporting agencies.
Employers must have consent of employee before any report/background check is obtained.
FDA (CVM)
Food and Drug Administration (Center for Veterinary Medicine)
Regulates prescription drugs
Regulates veterinary devices (syringes, needles, etc).
Regulation of prescription diets applies if food is considered a “drug”.
FD&C Act
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Veterinary drugs
Medicated animal feeds
Pet foods
NO grooming products
Requires drug manufacturers to establish and maintain records for ADEs. Required to report ADEs to FDA within specific timeline, depending on type of report.
FIFRA
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
Controlled substances - prescriptions
CII - 30 day supply, no refills - must be written with full name and address of patient + name, address, and DEA number of practitioner.
All other classes - 30 day supply, 5 refills within 6 months - can be written or oral
Five areas of management of controlled substances
Registration
Security & protection
Record keeping
Loss reporting
Substance disposal
“Five rights” of medication administration
- Right patient
- Right drug
- Right dose
- Right route
- Right time
Fair Labor Standards Act
Regulates minimum wage, OT pay, hourly vs salary, employment of minors, and many other employment-related issues.
Enforced by Department of Labor
Applies to all employers.
For every ____workers, OSHA requires at least one toilet and one handwashing sink.
15
“General Duty Clause” in OSH Act
Employers must not allow any worker to do unnecessarily dangerous tasks.
How are controlled substances to be disposed of?
Reverse distribution
How long do you have to retain medical waste shipment records?
3 years
How long must a business keep records related to injuries/illnesses ( including OSHA forms 300, 300A, and 301)?
5 years
How long must completed I-9s be kept?
The longer of:
3 years after the date the employee begins work or
1 year after the employee’s departure
How long must controlled substance records and logs be kept?
2 years minimum after date of use
Americans with Disabilities Act
Businesses may not discriminate against a qualified person with a disability, on the basis of the disability, provided the essential components of the job can be performed. Mandates that the employer makes “reasonable accommodations” if possible, provided that the person would have been hired without the disability.
15+ employees for at least 20 weeks of the year
Ideally, how often should a controlled substance inventory be done?
Monthly
Every 2 years - required by DEA
Immigrant Reform & Control Act
1986
Made it against the law for any US business to hire illegal immigrants
Injury and Illness Prevention Plan
Aka HSM (Hospital Safety Manual)
Label Requirements for Dispensed Drugs
- Name of prescriber
- Name & address of dispenser
- Name of patient
- Date dispensed
- Name of the drug
- Unit strength of the product
- Volume or qty dispensed
- Clear directions for use
- Expiration date
Label Requirements for Rx Drugs
- “Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.
- Recommended dosage
- ROA if not PO
- Quantity/proportion of active ingredient
- List of inactive ingredients if not PO
- Lot or control number
Which Licenses, Permits, and Registrations do vet clinics need?
- General business license (County Clerk +/- City)
- Premise permit (State Dept of Business and Professional Regulation or State Board of Vet Med Examiners)
- EIN (Federal DOL and State DES)
- DEA registration (DEA)
- Radiology & Laser Machine Registration (State Dept of Health)
Medical factors that influence the need for consent
- Age/physical condition of patient
- Likelihood of undesired side effect
- Seriousness of side effect
- Potential for fatality
- Pregnancy
NADA
New Animal Drug Approval
New animal drugs must have a NADA number, otherwise they are in violation of FD&C Act.
Name the 3 sections that many HR professionals recommend that personnel records are separated into.
- Compensation & Benefits
- Key Events
- Confidential
NASC
National Animal Supplement Council
Nonprofit industry that provides guidelines for QA, ADE reporting, and labeling standards for animal supplements.
NIOSH
National Institutes of Occupational Safety and Health
Non-DVM staff can administer CS under which 4 conditions?
- Must be employee of registered DVM
- Must perform task in the usual course of business.
- Must be under direction of licensed DVM
- Must be under direct supervision of licensed DVM.