law enforcement Flashcards
Crime preventers- early 18th century
- watchmen- patrolled cities at night
- parish constables- dealt with petty crimes
- soldiers- used to put down riots
bow street runners
-established in 1749 by Henry Fielding, chief magistrate at Bow Street Court
1749- tracked down criminals
1754- patrolled streets
- his half brother- John, took over in 1754
- first- they charged fees but by 1785. they were paid by the government
- first ‘modern’ detectives
- branched out to patrolling major roads both on foot + horse
- beginning of a crime intelligence network
Metropolitan Police, 1829
began Britians first international police force in London
1842- detective department set up
1856- Police Act, forced all towns and
counties to set up a pro police force
1878- CID set up
Pentonville prison
Built in 1842: model for new idea about how prisons should run
features of Pentonville
- housed dozens of cells.
- walls thick for no communication
- areas for prisoners to exercise
Features of Pentonvile cells
barred windows
wash basin + toilet
loom for working on
bed mattress and blanket
reasons for pentonville
- for rehabilitation- solitude was thought to be the best way
- for retribution- the isolation and boredom made criminals pay for their crime
- for a deterrent- serious punishment, scared others
strengths of Pentonville
clean and far less diseased
people thought it would provide the right level of punishment- not seen as harsh as others
weaknesses of Pentonville
continuous isolation led to mental illnesses and high suicide rates
no educations or instructions provided for prisoners to apply when they’re released
