Law and Policy Flashcards
What P. C. gives peace officers authority to take temporary custody of any firearm or other deadly weapon at the scene of a DV incident?
P. C. 18250
Does P. C. 18250 give authority to enter a residence for any reason in order to seize a firearm?
No, entry must be made pursuant to consent, exigent circumstances, or warrant
When practical, deputies shall interview who, in addition to the suspect and victim, at the scene of a DV incident?
Children, siblings, parents (other family members)
Does the deputy have discretion to obtain an EPO on behalf of the victim of DV if the victim refuses one?
Yes
Deputy personnel shall issue a receipt to whom when taking custody of a firearm or other deadly weapon on the scene of a DV incident?
The owner or person who possessed the weapon
What paperwork shall be issued to the DV victim on scene?
Report memo, FAIR pamphlet and VINE pamphlet
What documentation is required for a Domestic Dispute?
A definitive log entry only
What P. C. grants authority to a peace officer to arrest for a DV misdemeanor not committed in his presence?
P. C. 836 (d)
What documentation is required in all DV reports?
• check the “Domestic Violence Box”
• signs of intoxication of abuser
• previous LE responses to a DV call at the same location involving the same suspect and victim
• whether firearms or other deadly weapons are present
• weapons and receipt numbers of all confiscated weapons
• name and DOB of all children living at loc, and whether present during the incident
• offer EPO and results of offer
• that Report Memo, FAIR and VINE pamphlets issued
At the scene of a DV incident, who shall be arrested if a crime is committed?
The dominant aggressor; the most significant, not necessarily the first aggressor
What four factors allow a peace officer to enter a home lawfully?
• consent
• warrant
• exigent circumstances
• someone in the home is on parole, PRCS, searchable probation
(Legal Sourcebook, ch. 3/II/C1)
What major factors constitute exigent circumstances?
• preventing imminent danger to life or welfare
• preventing serious damage to property
• preventing imminent escape of a suspect
• preventing destruction of evidence
When issuing an EPO, what two things are required?
1) suspect must be served by a peace officer; 2) service must be entered into CARPOS by the station secretary
What are the nine misdemeanors that a peace officer can arrest for, not committed in their presence?
• crimes committed by juveniles (625 WIC)
• DUI and 1) w/accident; 2) susp seen in or around vehicle that is blocking a roadway; 3) will not be apprehended unless immediately arrested; 4) may cause injury to himself or property; or 5) may destroy or conceal evidence unless immediately arrested
(VC 40300.5 & 40600)
• carrying loaded firearm on person while in any public place or any public street [PC 25850 (g)]
• assault or battery on school grounds while school activities are being conducted (PC 243.5)
• A or B on firefighter/med personnel while engaged in the course of their duties (PC 836.1)
• PC 243 (e)(1)
• A or B on elder 65 years old or older when related by blood or legal guardianship [PC 836(d)]
• carrying concealed firearm (PC 25400) inside a secured area of airport [PC 836 (e)]
• violation of protective court order when 1) suspect has been served, and 2) PC to believe he violated order
What are the felonies that can be pursued in a vehicle?
Murder, mayhem, serious or violent sex crimes, robbery, arson, kidnapping, carjacking, ADW, burglary (including high dollar or serial comercial burg), major narcotics violations, terrorist acts, and confirmed grand theft vehicle
What misdemeanors can be pursued in a vehicle?
• 417 on info from reliable witness or deputy, and contemporaneous
• reckless DUI
What infractions can be pursued in a vehicle?
None
When pursuing a possible GTA, what is the fist thing that must be broadcast to SCC?
Nothing, pursuits are not authorized for a possible GTA
What is the statute of limitations for most felonies and misdemeanors?
Felonies, 3 years; Misdemeanors,
1 year…from commission of the crime
Which crimes have no statute of limitations?
Murder, embezzlement of public money, kidnapping for ransom, falsifying public records
What is the PC and level for bribery of an executive officer and does it include peace officers?
PC 67/F…includes peace officers
When using a Gladys R. form for juveniles, should the juvenile be Mirandized?
Yes (LSB, ch. 14, I. B. 1)
Generally, at what age are minors considered responsible for their actions under California law?
14-17
Is it proper to detain a person for a curfew ordinance (for minors) based solely upon a “youthful appearance”?
Yes
What does the term “status offender” refer to?
A minor violating 601 WIC
Does California law require minors to be mirandized when taken into temporary custody?
Yes, they must be mirandized at some point
If a juvenile commits a crime and then flees the state, what will happen?
He will be prosecuted in regular criminal court (not juvenile court)
Is it an infraction to deprive a juvi of his telephone calls during detention?
No it’s a misdemeanor
When are juveniles required to consult with legal council?
Before any custodial interrogation or waver of Miranda rights (as of 2021)
Must school officials advise juveniles of their Miranda rights prior to questioning?
No
Can a parent or an attorney invoke Miranda rights for a juvenile?
No, the minor must do it himself
What standard of proof do school officials need in order to search minors on campus?
Reasonable Suspicion only (not PC)
What level of proof does a law enforcement officer need in order to search juveniles on campus?
Reasonable Suspicion only (not PC)
Is RS required in order to detain students on campus for LE officers and school officials?
No, as long as detentions are not capricious and used for harassment
Is it acceptable for a school official to search a student on RS that he has violated a campus rule (as opposed to a state law)?
Yes
Searching a student’s person on campus, as opposed to lockers or backpacks, requires what in addition to RS?
Additional justification and cannot be “excessively intrusive”
Generally, the permissible scope of a search of a student on campus is based on what?
The nature of the danger presented and the degree of suspicion that evidence will be found
(LSB ch. 14, IV, E. 3)
Would it be reasonable to search a student for weapons on campus, without suspicion, just because he left campus during lunch and then returned?
Yes
Do LE officers need to be summoned onto campus in order to exercise their authority there?
No, they can enter onto a campus at will
What are the elements for Threatening School or Public Officers P. C. 71?
• reasonable threat to school official or security officer to prevent them from carrying out their lawful duties
• “directly communicated” includes telephone, telegraph or letter
• FELONY OR MISDEMEANOR
What are the elements of Trespass in Public Buildings, P. C. 602 (q)?
• refusing to leave when asked during hours when normally closed to the public
• no reasonable business at the location
• MISDEMEANOR
What are the elements of Loitering About Schools or Public Places, P. C. 653b?
• lingering without lawful business (at or near any school or public place where children normally congregate, or re-entering the place within 72 hours after being asked to leave
• must show intent to commit a crime (not merely trespassing)
• MISDEMEANOR
Who is considered a school “outsider” for legal purposes?
Anyone who is not a student (unless suspended), parent or guardian, officer or employee of school district, public employee requested by the school, an elected public official
When do “school hours” extend?
One hour before the start of classes until one hour after classes end
What is a school “outsider” supposed to do in order to be approved to remain on campus?
Go expeditiously to the principal for registration, by following the signs posted, P. C. 627.2
If a school “outsider” does not comply with registration and is asked to leave the grounds and refuses, what can he be charged with?
MISDEMEANOR, P. C. 627.7
How long must a school “outsider” remain off campus when asked to leave?
7 days (P. C. 627.7)
What are the only grounds for denying registration to a school “outsider”?
• reasonable basis for concluding they will disrupt the school;
• damage property
• distribution or use of controlled substances
What and where are signs to be posted for school outsider registration?
• at every school entrance
• location of principal’s office and route to be taken
• hours of registration
(P. C. 627.6)
True or false: a principal or his designee of a school has the right to order a person to leave the grounds if he believes they will be disruptive?
True, E. C. 32211
Threatened Disruption or Interference with Classes; Request to Depart, E. C. 32211…if a person does not leave promptly or returns within 48 hours, what is the level of crime?
MISDEMEANOR
What are the elements of Willful Interference with Classroom Conduct,
E. C. 44810?
• any person 17 or older
• entering campus to disrupt or damage property or cause bodily injury, etc.
• includes parent or guardian
• MISDEMEANOR
If a student or employee has been suspended from the school campus, under what conditions is it unlawful for them to return, P. C. 626.2?
• after a hearing
• person must be served (written notice) by registered or certified mail
• MISDEMEANOR
If consent to remain on campus of a college or public school is withdrawn and the person does not leave, what level is the crime?
MISDEMEANOR
Regarding Disruptive Presence at Schools violations, are there different statutes for different schools?
Yes, one statute for colleges (P. C. 626.6) and another statute for pre-school through 12th grade (P. C. 626.8)
• MISDEMEANOR
True or false: a Threat to School or Public Officers (P. C. 71) refers to a threat that reasonably appears to the victim that it could be carried out?
True
When on a school campus, for purposes of P. C. 148 Obstructing, Resisting, Delaying Public Officer, is a school security officer considered a public officer?
Yes (LSB, ch. 14, sec. V/C. 1)
What are the elements of Disturbance of Assembly,
P. C. 403?
• anyone without lawful authority
• disturbs or breaks up an otherwise lawful assembly (not religious or electoral assembly)
• MISDEMEANOR
What are the elements of Inciting a Riot, P. C. 404.6?
• anyone who does an act or engages in behavior that urges a riot and urges others to commit acts of force or violence or destruction of property
• with clear and present danger
• MISDEMEANOR
Is it illegal to challenge someone to a fight in public?
Yes, P. C. 415, MISDEMEANOR
If a student of a school challenges another student to a fight, is that a violation of P. C. 415?
No, it does not apply to a registered student of a school on campus
What are the elements for charging a person with P. C. 415 when they are only causing a noise disturbance (no threats or violence)?
malicious and willful disturbance by loud and unreasonable noise
• MISDEMEANOR
What are the elements of Refusing to Disperse, P. C. 416?
• two or more persons assembled for disturbing the public peace or committing an unlawful act
• not dispersing after ordered by public officer
• MISDEMEANOR
What are the elements of Obstructing Public Places, P. C. 647c?
• willful and malicious obstructing free movement
• any public street, sidewalk, or any place open to the public
• MISDEMEANOR
What is truancy (E. C. 48260)?
• any pupil subject to compulsory full-time education or continuation education
• absent three full days in a school year, or tardy for any 30-minute period during the school day on three occasions during the school year
• without a valid excuse
What is a “habitual truant”?
A student reported truant three or more times in one school year
What is a “chronic truant”?
A student absent for ten percent or more of the school days per school year, without a valid excuse
What elements are needed to arrest a minor for truancy?
• any minor truant found away from his home and absent from school
• during school hours
• without a valid excuse
Is it lawful for a peace officer to detain a minor for a violation of compulsory school attendance laws?
Yes, upon reasonable suspicion
If you take a truant into temporary custody, can his person and belongings be searched?
Yes, incident to a custodial arrest (temporary custody is considered a custodial arrest)
If you arrest a truant, you must deliver him to where?
• parent or guardian, or
• the minor’s school, or
• designated nonsecure youth center for counseling, or
• school counselor located at a police station
If you arrest a truant, to whom must it be reported?
School authorities or school district AND the parents of the minor
Generally, a weapon on a school campus would be covered under which law?
• Injurious Object, E. C. 49330 (switchblades, BB guns, ammo, magazines, cane swords, etc.)
• P. C. 626.10 (dirk/dagger, pen knife, etc.)
• FELONY OR MISDEMEANOR
What are the two exceptions to possessing a firearm within a school zone?
• place of residence, business, or on private property
• concealable firearm unloaded in a locked container or in a locked trunk of a motor vehicle
• must be otherwise lawful
Are teachers and other school employees allowed to use physical force on pupils in order to maintain order in their schools?
Yes, E. C. 44807
What kind of physical force can teachers use on pupils at a school for discipline?
The same amount a parent would have in the discipline of his child, but not to exceed that which is reasonable in order to maintain order and protect life and property and an environment conducive to learning
Are teachers obligated to maintain order on campus, even if that means using reasonable force?
Yes, it is the law (E. C. 44807)
Is it a crime for a parent to disrupt classroom work at their child’s school?
Yes, a MISDEMEANOR (E. C. 44811)
Regarding P. C. 243.5 (arrest for assault or battery on school grounds not committed in your presence), what kind of school is it referring to?
Generally, public schools K-12; but several additional kinds
If an assault or battery not committed in your presence occurs on a community college campus, can an arrest be made?
Yes, P. C. 243.5
If an assault or battery, not committed in your presence, occurs on a university campus, can an arrest be made?
No, universities are not part of the definition of “school” in P. C. 243.5
Do adult continuation schools, technical schools and regional occupation centers qualify as schools under P. C. 243.5?
Yes
Do Cal State Universities qualify as schools under P. C. 243.5?
No
What level is possession of marijuana on a school campus my a minor?
INFRACTION, 11357 (d) H. S.
What level of crime is possession of marijuana on a school campus by an adult?
MISDEMEANOR
Is it legal to smoke marijuana within 1,000 feet of a school or daycare center while children are present?
No, INFRACTION
It is a MISDEMEANOR to dispose of a hypodermic needle or syringe upon the grounds of any…?
School, playground, beach or park,
B & P 4147
What crimes are schools required to report to law enforcement?
ADW, narcotics, alcohol, firearms and other dangerous weapons, assault or threat to school employee by any pupil, E. C. 44014
Does the term “child abuse” include a mutual fight between minors?
No
What categories are included under child abuse?
Neglect/endangerment, physical, mental, sexual abuse
Regarding mental abuse of a child, what is the important element?
“unjustifiable mental suffering”, 273a P. C.
True or false: peace officers are mandated reporters of child abuse only when having RS of a crime AND when in the normal course of duties (“on duty”)?
True (LSB, ch. 14, VI/A.3.a)
Does a minor being pregnant, in itself, constitute reasonable suspicion of child sexual abuse?
No [11166 (a)(1) P. C.]
The doctor-patient and psychotherapist-patient privilege does not apply when reporting what?
Child abuse under the Child Abuse Reporting Law, 11164-11174.3 P. C.
Is parental consent required for a doctor or dentist to take x-rays for the purpose of diagnosing child abuse?
No
Is a mandated reporter of child abuse required to obtain parental consent in order to take photographs of evidence of child abuse?
No
What is the Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act section?
11164 P. C.
Are all police and sheriff’s agencies considered “Child Protective Agencies”?
Yes
When is it illegal to give alcohol to your child or his friend in your own home, 25658.2 B&P?
• under 18 years old
• BAC of .05 or higher
• parent knowingly permits minor to drive, AND,
• minor causes a traffic collision
(applies also to controlled substance)
• MISDEMEANOR
Generally, is it illegal to furnish alcohol to anyone under the age of 21?
Yes, 25658 B&P
(MISDEMEANOR)
What is the level of crime for a person who furnishes alcohol to someone under 21, and the minor then causes proximate GBI or death to himself or another?
MISDEMEANOR, 25658 (c) B&P
Under what conditions is a minor emancipated?
• enters into a valid marriage (requires parental approval or a superior court order), even if it ends in dissolution
• is on active military duty
• receives a declaration of emancipation from a superior court
In order to petition a declaration of emancipation from a superior court, what conditions must be met?
• at least 14 years old
• willingly living apart from parents at the acquiescence of the parents
• managing his own LAWFUL financial affairs
Can child abuse victims’ names and addresses be disclosed to the public?
No
Are child abuse cases deferrable?
No
If a child is taken into protective custody, what form must be filled out?
Arrested Person’s Child and Protective Custody form (SH-R-625)
When is a booking number obtained for a child taken into protective custody?
Never
Per policy, at what ages can a deputy of either sex physically examine a child for evidence of child abuse?
3 years old or younger
If a juvenile is 4 years old or older, who must physically examine a child for evidence of child abuse?
A deputy of the same sex or medical personnel
True or false: in child abuse investigations, per policy all children residing in the home shall be examined?
True