law

Question 1

Aristotle

384 – 322 BCE Greece

Answer 1

theory of justice said ‘‘justice means giving people what they deserve’’

Question 2

Circular reasoning

Answer 2

Circular reasoning (Latin: circulus in probando, “circle in proving”; also known as paradoxical thinking or circular logic) is a logical fallacy in which the reasoner begins with what they are trying to end with. The components of a circular argument are often logically valid because if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true. However, the argument is useless because the conclusion is one of the premises. Circular logic cannot prove a conclusion because, if the conclusion is doubted, the premise which leads to it will also be doubted. Begging the question is a form of circular reasoning.

Question 3

Civil disobedience

Answer 3

the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power. Civil disobedience is commonly, though not always,[1][2] defined as being nonviolent resistance. It is one form of civil resistance. In one view (in India, known as ahimsa or satyagraha) it could be said that it is compassion in the form of respectful disagreement.

Question 4

John Rawls

Answer 4

Rawls is noted for his contributions to liberal political philosophy. He said that civil disobedience is a form of democratic authority and using the existing political order to protest the morality of the behavior of the government and non-violent. it is however a last resort when no legal means of going against the law is possible. insofar as that it requires action to be political in nature, it differs from consientious refusal.

Question 5

direct democracy

Answer 5

people discuss issues as citizens instead of electing representatives

Question 6

representative democracy

Answer 6

citizens elect officials to make decisions

Question 7

paradox of democracy

Answer 7

one can believe in democratic principals but differ on a specific aspect of majority rule

Question 8

negative freedom

Answer 8

the absence of coercion

Question 9

positive freedom

Answer 9

the power to excercise individual control over one’s life

Question 10

retributivism

Answer 10

the view that those who intentionally break the law always deserve the punishment they get

Question 11

politics

Answer 11

Politics is the process and conduct of decision-making for groups. Although it is usually applied to governments, political behavior is also observed in corporations.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Politics)