Latin Rules to Spell Certain Sounds Flashcards

1
Q

“ah”

A

O-Anglicized, much more common; (A-pure)

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2
Q

\a\

A

A

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3
Q

long a

A

A-Anglicized, (E-pure)

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4
Q

/e/

A

E

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5
Q

long e

A

beg: E; middle: E/I; end: -E, -Y (condition/state/action/process), -AE (pl. fem. noun, genitive – of noun, arborvitae; vita life –> vitae of life)

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6
Q

long i

A

I – DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LATIN AND GREEK

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7
Q

long o

A

O

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8
Q

“aw”

A

O, AU

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9
Q

schwa

A

I (connective schwa), A

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10
Q

“oo”

A

U

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11
Q

“yoo”

A

U

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12
Q

“yuh”

A

U

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13
Q

/k/

A

C+A,O,U, (CC–special stems/assimilation, CCH, CH)

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14
Q

/f/

A

F; Medieval Latin can sometimes use PH (esp. if it’s from something that wasn’t Latin to begin with, like Arabic); New Latin (Greek in a top hat and trench coat) can often use PH as well

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15
Q

/j/

A

J+A,O,U, G+I, E, DU in the middle, j+i,e can also happen but not common

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16
Q

/g/

A

G

16
Q

kw

A

QU

17
Q

\ks\ or \gz\

A

X

18
Q

/s/

A

S+any vowel; C+I,E; SC+I,E, based on special stems; SS+anything, based on special stems; end: -CE (-ance, -ence), -S (-ans, -ens)

19
Q

/sh/

A

TI, CI, SU, CE; TI is definitely most common

20
Q

/z/

A

SU (ex. caSUal), SI (-sion, ex. exploSIon)

21
Q

/ch/

A

TU (ex. capiTULate, advenTUre), CI (ex. uncia), SU (ex. tonsure); TU is most common.
NEVER USE “SH” OR “CH-for-\ch" IN LATIN!

22
Q

/zh/

A

su, sion, ssion

23
Q

Where do you double consonants?

A

1) assimiliton
2) if there’s a stem with a double consonant
3) a diminutive ending with LL(ellus, ellum,ella,ellate, illus, illum, illa illate, ellation, illation)