Latin America Flashcards
Tierra Caliente
Hot land~ close to sea level
-banana and sugar
Tierra Templada
3,000 feet above sea level
-highest land in central
Tierra Fria
6,000 feet above sea level
Andes Mountains
Backbone of South America
-second largest mountain range in the world
Avenue of volcanoes
5 active volcanoes
-surrounded by Andes
Olianos
Columbia and Venezuela
-dry grass lands
Gran Chanco
Swamp sparsely inhabited
-twice size of NJ
Pompas
Cattle beef, best
Atacama desert
Highest elevation
-one of driest
Patagonian region
Cold
- mountainous
- scarcely populated
Tierra Feugo
Remains of glaciers
-last ice age
Amazing rainforest
Largest forest in the world
Amazon river
20% of world’s fresh water
-runs through rainforest
Tenochtitlan
City where Aztec empire was based
- built around lake(made it easy to defend)
- bigger than London
- had police force and trash
Chiampa
Floating gardens~ put crops on floating soil
Herman Cortez
Spanish conquistador
- takes away his men’s escape routes
- will conquer the Aztecs or die trying
Montezuma II
Leader of Aztecs
-fascinated by Cortez and doesn’t see his threat
Cuzco
Center of Inca empire and culture
Quechua
People of the valley
Sapa
Title for ruler of the Inca
Inti
Inca sun God
Mita System
Labor taxation system
- forced labor system
- literally means to take a turn
Quipus
Didn’t have a writing system
-numbering system string and knots
Francisco Pizarro
Spanish conquistador (Inca) -wants to meet with head of Inca
Atahuala
Sappa Inca
- head of Inca
- isn’t excited about meeting Pizarro
Viceroys
Ruled New Spain + Peru on King’s behalf
Audencias
Courts
Haciendas
Large plantations
Econmendia
Land grant
-were allowed to use native population as their labor source
Peninsulares (1)
Born in Spain but move to America
Creoles (2)
Spanish born in Americas
Mestizos (3)
Intermarriage of Spanish and natives
Mulattos (4)
Spanish and black descendants
Simon Bolivar
George Washington of Latin America
-motivated by French Revolution
Father Guadalupe Hidalgo
- pushed for independence
- was killed
- becomes symbol for independence
Military Juntas
Gang of soldiers
-military dictatorships
Coup d’etats
Internal rebellion
-many had this happen
Monroe Doctrine
Told the world no other countries could seek out colonial rule in the Americas
Big Stick Diplomacy
US would use their power + influence to get what they want
Roosevelt Corallary
US can come into other countries if they see a problem
Taft Dollar Diplomacy
Used our financial influence to influence policy’s in Latin America (bribing)
Banana Republics
American agricultural companies had more influence in Latin America than the government
Good Neighbor Policy
FDR tried to limit Americas influence
Fidel Castro
Takes over Cuba and kicks out all US business interests
- nationalized everything in Cuba
- becomes friends with Soviets
Pablo Escobar
Head of Medellin Cartel in Columbia
- control of drug trade
- one of most powerful and rich criminals
