Latin America

Question 1

Where were the Mayans located?

Answer 1

Mexico, Guatemala, (basically the Yucatan Peninsula)

Question 2

What were the Mayan’s main achievements?

Answer 2

developed digit zero, made paper from tree bark, designed 365 day calendar, created system of writing (hieroglyphs)

Question 3

What happened to the Mayans?

Answer 3

left their cities mysteriously, no one knows why, moved to different areas

Question 4

Where were the Aztecs located?

Answer 4

mexico

Question 5

What were the Aztecs known for?

Answer 5

SACRIFICES

over 1,000 plant medicines, figured out how to predict eclipses, hieroglyphs

Question 6

What happened to the Aztecs?

Answer 6

many died due to disease brought by spanish, spanish conquered tenochtitlan, empire ended due to spanish

Question 7

Where were the Incas located?

Answer 7

peru and chile in the Andes Mountains

Question 8

How did the Incas adapt to life in the Andes Mountains?

Answer 8

they planted crops that did well in the mountains and created roads and irrigation systems

Question 9

What happened to the Incas?

Answer 9

The Spanish brought disease, created civil war, Francisco Pizzaro captured Incas and killed their ruler, Atahualpar. Spanish kills Inca empire.

Question 10

Maize

Answer 10

corn-like grain

Question 11

Hieroglyphics

Answer 11

a form of communication used by many ancient civilizations

Question 12

Tribute

Answer 12

an act to show gratitude…in this context it was the labor that the slaves were forced to do

Question 13

Tenochtitlan

Answer 13

capital of Aztec empire, Spanish built Mexico City on top of it

Question 14

Conquistador

Answer 14

a conqueror, mainly spanish

Question 15

Criollo/Creole

Answer 15

spanish people born in colonies

Question 16

Peninsulare

Answer 16

spanish nobles born in Spain/Europe

Question 17

Mestizo

Answer 17

person of white and native descent

Question 18

Mita

Answer 18

labor in the encomienda system

Question 19

Line of Demarcation

Answer 19

imaginary line created by the Treaty of Tordesillas that split the world for Spain and Portugal. Everything east of the line was for Portugal, everything west was for Spain.

Question 20

Who was Hernan Cortes?

Answer 20

Conquered Aztecs, arrived in 1519

Question 21

Who was Francisco Pizarro?

Answer 21

Conquered Incas, arrived in 1520

Question 22

What was the encomienda system?

Answer 22

a labor system that enslaved the indigenous people because the Spanish were “protecting” and Christianizing them

Question 23

Who was at the top of the social class system in New Spain / Peru?

Answer 23

Peninsulares

Question 24

What types of tribute did the Spanish demand from the indigenous people?

Answer 24

Mita or labor

Question 25

What were the Spaniards supposed to provide for the indigenous people?

Answer 25

Protection and Christianity

Question 26

How did the system of mercantilism work?

Answer 26

The mother country gave the colonies manufactured goods, the colonies gave the mother country raw materials to make these products.

Question 27

Why did mercantilism make the Spanish colonists mad?

Answer 27

They could only trade with their mother country and no one else.

Question 28

Who was Simon Bolivar?

Answer 28

freed Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama from Spanish rule, formed Gran Colombia, became President

Question 29

Who was Miguel Hidalgo?

Answer 29

Priest and key figure in Mexican Independence, known for “Cry of Dolores”

Question 30

How did Brazil become independent?

Answer 30

Portuguese King João I fled Napoleon and went to Brazil with family. When Napoleon was defeated and João left Brazil and went back to Portugal, he left his son Dom Pedro I in charge. Dom Pedro later peacefully declared independence in 1822.

Question 31

Who was Dom Pedro I?

Answer 31

First Emperor of Brazil who later gave Brazil independence