LAST TEST EVA Flashcards
characteristics of acids
sour, on blue litmus turns red, on red litmus turns keeps same color, PHTH doesnt change color, metals H2, Baking Soda CO2, feels like water
characteristics of bases
bitter, slippery, blue on red litmus, nothing on blue litmus, pink with PHTH
Arhenius
Arhenius Acid and Base
Acid: has a H upfront, (donates Hplus)
Base: OH- attatched (donates OH-)
Bronsted Lowrey Base and Acid
Acid: donates protons
Bases: accept protons
Naming Binary Acids
hydrogen and nonmetal
ine-ic
ur-uric
hydro____ic/uric acid
naming oxyacids
po
polyatomic anion and hydrogen bond
ate-ic
ite-ous
nitrous acid
how to identify base, conj base, acid, conj acid
H3O+ always acid
OH- always a base
if it has H upfront its an acid (unless there is a - if so check other side to see if still higher exponent if not then its a base ex. - and 2-)
if - then base
c
concentration
amount of solute in the solution
what does it mean if an acid or base is strong on the particle level
it has strong conductivity
what does it mean if an acid or base is weak on the particle level
it has weak conductivity
strong
completly ionizes, conducts electricity very well
weake
partially ionizes
concentrated
high molarity, high solute
dilute
low molarity, high solvent
Dilution remember with v1 and stuff
for v2 remeber its V2 plus water, subtract from original if finding water
measuring pH
1-anything less than 7 = acid
7=neatrual
above 7 - 14 = base
Indicators
changes color of the solutions (weak acids), one color is acids, different color is bases
determines if a solution is a acid or base
PHTH indicator
pink with bases
colorless with acids
steps to do Ka problems
solve for x when top of equation is x2
x divided by HA to get 5 percent rule
use pH equation to get and plus in og anwser to equation (next to minus log) to get pH
how to write products for neutralization reaction problems
H2O + other two elements put together
(split each reactant in hald to see which to add to product)
then once got element balence charges then balence equation
How to write a chemical equation with arhenius model acid and base
if has H upfront: is acid: reactants will be H3O+ and what element is left
if there is no H upfront: is base: reactant will be OH- + whatever is left
difference between pH and pOH
pH: 1-7 acid, 7 neautral, 7-14, basic
pOH:1-7 basic, 7 neautral, 7-14, acid
so if acidic has low pH and high pOH
so if basic has low pOh and high pH
