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MSRA > Last minute > Flashcards

Last minute Flashcards

1
Q

McCune albright

A

precocious puberty, cafe au lait, fractures

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2
Q

CAH - congenital adrenal hyperplasia

A
  • Presents in girls with ambiguous genitalia - enlarged clitorus
  • Presents in boys with salt loosing crisis, low Na, hyperkalaemia, vomiting, weight loss
  • Raised 17-hydroxyprogesterone is diagnostic of deficiency in the enzyme 21-hydroxylase
  • Replace hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone
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3
Q

Felty syndrome

A

neutropenia, splenomegaly, rheumatoid

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4
Q

What worsens psoriasis

A

Trauma, alcohol, beta blocker, ACEi, NSAID, lithium, antimalarial, withdrawal of steroid

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5
Q

What ligament injured when drop something heavy on foot

A

Lisfranc

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6
Q

Drugs causing digoxin toxicity

A

Thiazide, Amiodarone, furosemide, CCB, cyclosporin, Quinidine, spironolactone

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7
Q

Thelassys test

A

For meniscal injury

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8
Q

Homonymous hemianopia

A
  • incongruous defects: lesion of optic tract
  • congruous defects: lesion of optic radiation or occipital cortex
  • macula sparing: lesion of occipital cortex
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9
Q

TACO vs TRALI

A

TACO - HTN and pulm oedema
TRALI - low BP, pulm oedema and fever

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10
Q

What abx lowers seizure threshold and causes tendinopathy

A

Ciprofloxacin

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11
Q

When to avoid ciprofloxacin

A

G6PD, breast feeding

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12
Q

Plummer vinsen

A

difficulty swallowing, iron-deficiency anemia, glossitis, cheilosis and esophageal webs

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13
Q

Milk alkali

A

Triad of high calcium, alkalosis, renal failure

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14
Q

Hartnup disease

A

Patient presenting with collapse, rash on legs at same time, change in behaviour

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15
Q

placenta accreta

A

Bleeding post birth with history of C section

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16
Q

Driving and aortic aneurysm

A

Inform if >6, stop if >6.5

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17
Q

Renal failure with low vs high sodium in urine

A

Low = pre renal e.g. hypovolaemia
High = ATN

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18
Q

Target cells and raised HbA2

A

Beta thalassaemia

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19
Q

How to treat lymes if pregnant or allergic to doxy

A

amoxicillin

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20
Q

Hard as wood thyroid, hypothyroid

A

Reidels

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21
Q

Bernard soulier

A

Bleeding/ bruising with large platelets

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22
Q

Cushings disease vs syndrome

A

Disease = pituitary, syndrome = all of them

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23
Q

CAP + herpes labialis - organism

A

Strep pneumoniae

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24
Q

Dermoid cyst

A

Rubbery lump above eyebrow

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25
Q

Most common ovarian cancer

A

Serous carcinoma

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26
Q

Meningitis prophylaxis

A

rifampicin or ciprofloxacin

27
Q

What anti platelet to give in medically managed MI

A

Ticagrelor

28
Q

What cancer does tamoxifen increase the risk of

A

Endometrial

29
Q

White patch on tongue that can’t be rubbed off

A

leukoplakia

30
Q

When to use warfarin instead of DOAC

A

eGFR < 15 or antiphospholipid syndrome
Metallic heart valve

31
Q

Normal IOP, how to treat glaucoma

A

Normal = <21
- If >24 offer laser trabeculoplasty first line

32
Q

What is PKD associated with

A

mitral regurg, Berry aneurysm, colonic polyps RCC

33
Q

How to treat bilateral adrenal hyperplasia

A

Spironolactone

34
Q

How to investigate thyroid nodules

A

Fine needle biopsy

35
Q

Does hypo or hyperthyroid cause raised prolactin

A

hypothyroid

36
Q

What to do if HTN in <40yo with no other RF or findings

A

Refer

37
Q

1st line insulin for T1 vs T2DM

A

T1 = basal bolus
T2 = once daily long acting

38
Q

Child with pubic hair <3yo

A

hamartoma of posterior hypothalamus

39
Q

T2DM very young with strong family hx of the same

A

MODY

40
Q

Impaired fasting glucose vs impaired glucose tolerance

A

Impaired fasting glucose = fasting glucose 6.1-7, normal OGTT < 7.8
Impaired glucose tolerance = OGTT result 7.8-11.1

41
Q

What chromosomal condition causes bicuspid aortic valve and coarctation of aorta

A

Turners

42
Q

Viral illness followed by non blanching petechiae rash and no fever

A

ITP

43
Q

confusion whilst taking SSRI - cause

A

Hyponatraemia

44
Q

Cells seen in CLL

A

Smudge cells

45
Q

Cells in AML

A

Auer rods

46
Q

Endocarditis - most commonly affected valve normally and in IVDU

A

Normal - Mitral
IVDU - tricuspid

47
Q

Most common organism in endocarditis, most common with prosthetic heart valve

A

Staph A
Prosthetic - Staph epidermidis

48
Q

Von Willebrand - how present and bloods - how to treat

A

Epistaxis, bruising, menorrhagia
Prolonged APTT, normal platelets
Tranexamic acid, demopressin

49
Q

How to treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome, are pupils affected?

A

Dantrolene and bromocriptine

Pupils un affected - are dilated in serotonin syndrome

50
Q

IM benpen doses for meningitis

A

0-1 - 300
1-10 - 600
>10 - 1200

51
Q

IM adrenaline doses in asthma - how often repeat

A

0-6m - 100-150mcg
6m-6yr - 150mcg
6-12yr - 300mcg
>12 - 500mcg

Repeat every 5 mins

52
Q

Androgen insensitivity syndrome - how present, what present on blood test

A
  • Phenotype of women with primary amenorrhoea, lack of secondary sexual characteristics, groin lumps due to undescended testes
  • Raised testosterone
  • XY - male
53
Q

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - how present and treat

A

Women - male secondary sexual characteristics, ambiguous genitalia, hirsutism, primary amenorrhoea

Male - salt loosing crisis

Treat with cortisol replacement

54
Q

When can do combined vs quadruple screening

A

Combined 11- 14w

Quadruple 15-20w - inhibin and HCG raised, AFP, oestrogen low

55
Q

Polycythaemia - how present, mutation, tx

A

Itching after hot bath, splenomegaly, clotting, HTN

Jak2

Aspirin, venesection, hydroxyurea

56
Q

Termination and medical miscarriage mx

A

Termination - mifepristone then misoprostol
(f for first, s for second)
Miscarriage - misoprostol
(s for single)

57
Q

Skin involvement in SJS and TEN

A

SJS <10%
TEN >30%

58
Q

Hypersegmented polymorphs

A

B12 deficiency

59
Q

Tear drop cells

A

Myelofibrosis

60
Q

Target cells

A

IDA

61
Q

SOB, palpitations, dizziness, pan systolic murmur - symptoms change with position

A

Atrial myxoma

62
Q

when to do OGTT in pregnancy

A

24-28

63
Q

Brown discharge, empty foetal sac

A

Missed miscarriage

64
Q

What condition caused by c1 esterase deficiency

A

Hereditary angiodema

MSRA (2 decks)

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