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DERM EXAM 2 > LAST MICRO EVER > Flashcards

LAST MICRO EVER Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Which of the 3 spiders that we talked about exclusively manifests with a dermatologic presentation?

A

The Brown Recluse

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1
Q

This is the scientific name for the human bot fly

A

Dermatobia hominis

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1
Q

This is the scientific term for a baby louse

A

nit

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1
Q

What is the treatment for snake bites? Which spider bite is Tx’d the same way?

A

Antivenin, Black Widow

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2
Q

This clinical syndrome contains pulmonary infiltrates and peripheral eosinophilia. It is associated with this organism _____________

A

Loeffler’s syndrome; Ancyclostoma braziliense

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3
Q

T/F: ancyclostoma braziliense is an INTESTINAL hookworm

A

True depending on the species. If you’re talking about cats and dogs, then yes. If you’re talking about humans, then no. It’s all relative. OMG I’m so deep.

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3
Q

What does Phthirus pubis cause?

A

pubic lice aka crabs

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4
Q

This is the dog and cat intestinal hookworm

A

Ancyclostoma braziliense

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5
Q

How do you treat a botfly?

A

Surgery

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6
Q

This bug is associated with Loeffler’s syndrome

A

Ancyclostoma braziliense

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6
Q

Name the top 3 causes of folliculitis according to Senor Keller?

A

S. aureus, Demodex folliculorum, Tinea capitis

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6
Q

Mechanism of death from bee sting

A

anaphylactic shock

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7
Q

Chiggers are the vector for ______________

A

Orentia tsutsugamushi

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8
Q

What are the two toxins in scorpion venom?

A

Hemorrhagic/hemolytic toxin and Neurotoxin

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9
Q

What organism causes cutaneous larval migrans?

A

Ancyclostoma braziliense

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10
Q

What is the reservoir of a parasite that is very close to being eradicated by simply implementing better sanitation?

A

Freshwater microcrustacean Cyclops. This is the guinea worm = Dracunculus medinensis. Used to infect millions, now infects hundreds.

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11
Q

Two ways that scabies is transmitted

A

direct contact and fomites

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12
Q

Name 2 nematodes with derm manifestations

A

Ancyclostoma braziliense and Dracunculus medinensis

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13
Q

When is the most likely time to be stung by a scorpion?

A

at night, they are nocturnal

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13
Q

Type of hypersensitivity with dermatophagoides farinae

A

Type I (dust mite, think of atopic allergies)

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14
Q

How would one likely die from a black widow bite?

A

cardiac or respiratory failure

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15
Q

If you were treating an ascending paralysis with sensory loss as Guillian Barre you would likely give __________. But if you realized that it was tick paralysis you could simply ____________.

A

IVIG? Remove the tick (Sx tend to reverse after removing the tick)

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16
Q

This organism has 3 pairs of eyes that form a semicircle

A

brown recluse

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17
Q

You are on an OB/GYN rotation and a woman has pubic pruritis. You take a look-see with your newly acquired skills from “Sensitive Patient Examination Commitment” and relay to the attending that “She got crabs”. When your attending tells you to be more specific you say__________

A

Phthirus pubis, sir. She got Phthirus pubis and it nasty. It real nasty.

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18
Q

DOC for Dracunculus medinensis

A

There is no DOC, anti-helminthics don’t seem to work. The only known Tx is surgical removal

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18
Q

Let’s be xenophobic for a moment. Say you have a patient with non-pruritic scabies and there a TON of mites. What country are they most likely from? Bonus double triple Jedi question–what histopathologic condition bears an appearance to the aspect of this country bordering a body of water?

A

Norway. These are Norwegian Scabies!! (I realize that the person isn’t really from Norway). The Coast of Norway appearance on histology is typical of a complete hydatidiform mole.

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18
Q

What is the DOC for Scabies?

A

Permethrin cream

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19
Q

What is the DOC for head lice

A

1% Permethrin shampoo

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20
Q

What mite causes mange in dogs?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

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20
Q

What is the name of the lesion that the human botfly causes?

A

A warble

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22
Q

What effect does UV light have on Pediculus humanus capitis?

A

They fluoresce with UV light

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23
Q

T/F: ticks are insects

A

False they are arachnids

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24
Q

Describe the venom of the brown recluse

A

necrotoxin

25
Q

Permethrin cream is DOC for _________. Permethrin shampoo is DOC for __________.

A

Scabies, Head lice or Pediculus humanus capitis

26
Q

What does Pediculus humanus cause?

A

head lice

26
Q

Type of hypersensitivity in a bee sting

A

Type I

28
Q

Name the specific myiasis

A

human botfly = Dermatobia hominis

29
Q

What is the DOC for Ancyclostoma braziliense? What about the associated itching?

A

Thiabendazole; anti-histamines

31
Q

Starts between the fingers

A

The itch of Scabies starts between the fingers

32
Q

T/F: antivenin is DOC for brown recluse bites

A

False. Doesn?t work. Steroids can work.

33
Q

Pediculus humanus corporis is a vector for what?

A

Ricketssia prowazekii (epidemic typhus) and Borrelia recurrentis

34
Q

A man was bitten by a brown recluse in an outhouse. He is most at risk for A) Systemic neurotoxicity B) Intense pain at the site of the lesion with granuloma formation C) Gaining the ability to tell the story of how he lost his penis D) Anterior Tibia on the Talus with atypical craniosacral motion

A

C–genital lesions from brown recluse occur in outhouses.

35
Q

T/F: fire ants are in no way related to bees

A

false they are both from class hymenoptera

37
Q

Fleas are the vector for what 2 diseases?

A

Plague and murine typhus

39
Q

Type of hypersensitivity with Sarcoptes scabiei

A

IV (cf. to Dermatophagoides farinae = Type I)

40
Q

A guy goes and buys a La-Z-boy chair from a garage sale. He begins to develop a petechial rash and CBC shows anemia with high reticulocyte count? What’s the deal?

A

The guy is an idiot. He bought used furniture at. a. garage. sale. Think about the kind of things that people do on furniture. He has bedbugs and they sucked his blood now his myeloid lines are hyperactive and releasing lots of retics into the bloodstream.

41
Q

Name 4 diseases that ticks are an important vector for

A

RMSF, Ehrlichiosis, Babesiosus, Lyme Dz

42
Q

Antivenin is DOC for (2)

A

Black Widow and Snake bites

43
Q

What do you need to differentiate a “bug” from an arachnid?

A

The ability to count to 8

45
Q

What is tick paralysis?

A

An ascending paralysis WITH sensory loss (like GB but diff from poli which only affects anterior horn) from tick bite

46
Q

How does Dr. Falk pronounce the word “Fibula”?

A

Radius

47
Q

Compare the sputum of Loeffler’s syndrome patients to those infected with typical community acquired pneumonia.

A

Loeffler’s sputum contains eosinophils and normal CAP contains neutrophils

48
Q

Compare/Contrast black widow and brown recluse on the basis of A) Sex that is poisonoous B) Type of Toxin and C) Tx

A

A) female black widows are poisonous but both male and female brown recluses are B) BW is a neurotoxin BR is a necrotoxin and C) BW Tx with antivenin but BR only corticosteroids no antivenin

50
Q

T/F: the female black widow is the only sex poisonous to humans

A

True

51
Q

COMLEX vagueness: Kid was drinking a pop at a picnic

A

bee sting, Type I hypersensitivity

53
Q

How do allergic reactions to Dracunculus medinensis occur?

A

If A) the worm calcifies and dies in the skin or B) if the person pulls it out and it breaks

54
Q

Why doesn’t Ancyclostoma braziliense cause GI infection in humans?

A

It is the dog and cat hookworm. Thus, it is evolutionarily adapted to migrate their lymphatic anatomy. In humans, it gets lost and remains solely in the skin.

56
Q

Why is KOH prep a good way to distinguish the follicle mite from a tinea and S. aureus folliculitis?

A

KOH will kill the staph. If Tinea is present that will show up and if the mite is present that will show up. If both are present, then that is a real life problem not a multiple choice test problem, so no worries.

57
Q

What is the DOC for the body louse

A

Lindane lotion applied to entire body and left for 24 hours

58
Q

This bug is also known as the Guinea worm and is found in Asia and equatorial Africa

A

Dracunculus medinensis

59
Q

T/F: only the female brown recluse is poisonous to humans

A

False both male and female

61
Q

This is the DOC for cutaneous larval migrans _____________

A

Thiabendazole

62
Q

What bug from this lecture is treated with thiabendazole?

A

Ancyclostoma braziliense

62
Q

This flea particularly attacks humans

A

Female chigoe flea

63
Q

T/F: antivenom is the TOC for black widow bites

A

False. “Antivenin” not antivenom. Keller seemed to act like this is something that pisses him off. Beware.

64
Q

Who would you expect to have a more severe reaction to a brown recluse bite a normal person or someone being treated with systemic chemotherapy?

A

The normal person since the damage is “completely dependent on PMN activation”. You would expect the chemo person to be neutropenic? No we didn’t talk about chemo ppl in class, and this prob won’t be a question. I just thought it was interesting. Remain calm.

66
Q

What is the best way to make a preparation to see Demodex?

A

KOH prep

68
Q

Which epidermal layer is most affected by Sarcoptes scabiei?

A

Stratum corneum

69
Q

Pediculus humanus capitis is a vector for what?

A

nothing mentioned. But sub-species corporis (not capitis) carries R. prowazekii (epidemic typhus) and Borrelia recurrentis

70
Q

What is the infectious form of Ancylostoma braziliense? Who is at risk?

A

Egg? Little kids in the dirt or sandbox that contains the eggs

71
Q

Define Myiasis

A

Maggot infection

72
Q

How do you get infected with Ancyclostoma braziliensis? Dracunculus medinensis?

A

AB is via eggs infecting your skin; DM is from INGESTING the worm!

73
Q

The red, white, and blue sign is descriptive of a bite from ____________

A

brown recluse

74
Q

Name 3 fies that would cause a semispecific myiasis

A

Bottle flies, Flesh flies, common housefly? This means that they could infect you with their maggots but they don?t have to.

75
Q

T/F: infections with Dracunculus medinensis typically occur within 9-10 days of inoculation? Where is the inoculation?

A

False. The stomach is what is inoculated and then the worm has to travel out and down to the lower extremities where Sx manifest. This takes much longer than a few weeks and can be up to years.

76
Q

What is the scientific name for the following: 1) Human follicle mite 2) Dust mite and 3) Human itch mite

A

1) Demodex folliculorum 2) Dermatphagoides farinae and 3) Sarcoptes scabiei

77
Q

What is the name of the infection from Ancylcostoma braziliense in humans?

A

Cutaneous larval migrans

78
Q

What is the genus name of the brown recluse?

A

Loxosceles

79
Q

Describe the venom of the female black widow

A

peripheral neurotoxin

80
Q

What are the most likely Sx from a Tarantula bite?

A

neurologic Sx

81
Q

What is transmitted by the Triatomid bug?

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

82
Q

What is the most likely cause of death with a scorpion bite? Which toxin will mediate this?

A

neurotoxin, respiratory paralysis

DERM EXAM 2 (7 decks)

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