last lec mt 1 Flashcards
motor cortex (part of the brain)
voluntary movement is initiated by the motor cortex; contains a topographic map of body parts
descending pathways cross the midline exactly once before innervating muscle
basal ganglia
involved with planning and initiation of movement, SUPPRESSION of unwanted movement
degeneration of basal ganglia?
parkinson’s disease
leads to resting tremors and difficulty initiating movement
parkinsons disease
results from degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in basal ganglia
cerebellum
compare actual movement with the intended movement and makes adjustments; keeping ongoing movements smooth
degeneration of cerebellum
multiple sclerosis leads to action tremors and difficulty making PRECISE movements
functional localization
brain’s structure and function relate
testing functional localization
loss of function: analyze patients with specific behavioral deficits
passive observation: record brain activity during specific behaviors (fMRI used to visualize brain activity in healthy volunteers)
perturbation: does direct electrical stimulation of the brain alter perceptions/behavior? (local brain activity=specific perception)
phineas gage
revealed that damage to the prefrontal cortex of the brain can alter personality, emotions, and social interaction
func loc!
patient HM
suffered seizures after an accident
hippocampus removed
AFTER, experienced total anterograde amnesia (couldn’t form NEW long term memories)
lost some old memories but only to age 16
was still pretty intelligent
wernicke’s area
LEFT association cortex and receives input from the auditory, visual somatosensory cortices
responsible for understanding written and spoken language
damage to wrnicke’s area
deficit in language COMPREHENSION
Broca’s area
located in LEFT FRONTAL LOBE and sends output to the motor areas of the cortex
damage to Broca’s area
results in deficit in speech PRODUCTION
LA BOCA NO SIRVE
