laser hair removal Flashcards
temporary methods of hair removal
epilation (removal of hair at the root) and depalation (removal of hair at the surface of the skin)
permanant methods of hair removal
laser and electrolosis
Functions
protection,sensation,heat regulation,excretion,secretion,absobtion, immunity,matabolism
what are the 5 types of sensation
heat,cold,touch,pressure,pain
normal apearances of the skin
slightly moist, soft, flexible, and have a slight reaction to acidic substances
what are the 3 types of skin appendages
fingernails toenails, hair, glands
what are the 3 layers of skin
epedermis, dermis, hypodermis
what is the thickness of the epidermis
0.5-1.5mm
the epidermis is
the outer most layer of the skin
what layer contains the most active cells which undergo mitosis
the basal layer
the epidermis has no blood vessels but does have
many small nerve endings
what are the 5 types of stratum layers
corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basal layer
the basal layer is composed of
a single layer of active living cells that are constanly dividing
what is the cell turnover time
26-28 days
the basal layer also contains pigment producing cells and are called what ?
melanocytes
melanocytes are found at what depth
1-2 mm
melanocytes produce a brown to dark brown pigment called
melanin
melanin gives colour to the skin and hair and protects what ?
the tissue below from the excessive effects on the suns ultra violet rays
what is the next layer after epidermis
the dermis
how thick is the dermis
1.5-4mm
what layer contains these structures blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, hair follicles, the arrector pilli muscle, and the hair papilla
dermis
the dermis consist of two layers
papillary and reticular
what are found in the papillary layer
melanocytes
what is the subcutaneous layer and is the andipose (fat) tissue beneath the surface
hypodermis
what is the hypodermis main function
provide energy and excess fat is stored in this level. it also acts as a protective cushion for the outer skin and the organs beneath and give smoothness and contour the body
the blood and lymph rich in nutrients supply what ?
nurishment to the skin
the main skin types are classified according to their lipid levels which is
normal and high
what are the main characteristic of normal skin including lipid levels
lipid levels are normal, hydration level is normal, the pores are visible comodones of a medium may be present usuall in tzone, skin keracterization is normal
what is the definition of oily skin
over secretion of sebm and is prone to acne breakouts
main characteristics of oily skin including lipid levels
lipid levels is high many comadones and keratinization levels is high
main characteristics of dry skin
lipid levels are low, small to invisible pores, becomes dehydrated more easily ad flaking can occur eith extreme dryness
main characteristics of dry skin
lipid levels are low, small to invisible pores, becomes dehydrated more easily ad flaking can occur eith extreme dryness
normal to oily skin always has what ?
the most seabaceous secrettions inthe tzone
what are the 4 main skin types
acneic skin, dehydrated skin, sensitive, and aging skin. (mature)
infection is caused by what ?
bacteria
acniec skin is a disorder of the sebaceous glands in which the glands become what ?
over active and secrete excess sebum
what are 4 main characteristics of acneic skin
comadomes, papules, pustules, cysts
what needs to be present for infection in acneic skin to occur
oils and bacteria
what condition is characterized by lack of moisture/water in the skin
dehydration
what is the technical name for dehydration
transepidermal water loss
what are the two types of dehydration
superficial in the epedermis and deep in the dermis
sensitive skin couperose skin and rosacea are all related to what ?
blood circulation at the surface of the skin
what stimulates and dialates the blood vessels in couperous skin?
extreme heat and cold temperatures, alcohol, and spicy food and ultraviolet rays
small dialated cappilaries beneath the surface of skin, blushing or flushing, warmth to the touch, most noticable through fair thin or thansparent skin.
couperous skin and rosacea
rosacea skin is a vascular disorder and a secondarily a disorder of the seabaceous glands. what is the potential causes ?
horomones bacteria or yeast infections
how reactive is the skin of someone with rosacea?
very reactive
what are 4 main characteristist of rosacea
excess sebum, butterfly pattern, dialated cappilaries, blushing or flushing, warm to the touch.
what other name is used for aging skin
mature
what skin type slows the cell renewal, the loss if moisture in the dermis layer and the collapse of the collagen and elastin network which no longer provides strength support and elasticity
aging skin
what are the main characteristics of aging skin
loss of skin firmness, loss of muscle tone, lack of skin tone, wrinkles and fine lines
what is the medical term for skin inflammation that causes itching
pruritus
what is the medical term for redness of the skin
erythema
what is the mecial term for swelling
edema
what is the golden rule ?
do not work on anyone that has infammation (erythema), edema, pain, heat.
what is the definition of a lesion ?
a structural change in the skin due to injury or disease
what disease is communicable by contact
contageous disease
what disease is caused by disease producing bacteria such as strepococcus both pus forming bacteria
pathogenic disease
what disease is characterized by redness pain swelling and heat over the affective area
inflammation
what disease has a reaction or sensitivity to something normally harmless contact with cosmetics medicines tints and foods will cause itching accompanied with redness swelling blisters oozing and/or scaling
allergy
why do you avoid pulsing on large dark comedones ?
oxidized comedomes readily absorb laser beam energy
how important is a magnifying lamp
very important always necassary
what is a chronic inflammation a vascular discorder an a butterfly shape over the cheeks and nose
rosacea
certain things are knonw to aggrivate rosacea condition including what
hot liquids, spicy foods, alcohol, extreme hot and cold temperatures, exposure to the sun, excersize and stress
dermititis denotes what to the skin
inflammation
herpes simplex is what
a contageous viral infection
where does herpes most commonly appear
lips, nostrils, or even parts of the face
how long does herpes eruptions usually last
one week
do you work around herpes lesion when present
no
if patient is prone to herpes breakouts how many days before and after do they need to take precription of prophylactic from their doctor
2-3 days before and after
definition of tanning
prolonged exposure to the sun
what is an abnormal excess pigmentation due to hormonal changes and is called “pregnancy mask”
melasma
what is an abnormal growth in an area or an organ
hypertrophy
do you treat or hairs from moles
no
what is a viral infection of the epidermis that can spreak from one person to the other with a cauliflower type of surface ?
verruca (wart)
what 3 things can be used to treat a wart
electrotherapy cryotherapy or topical medication
skin tags usually appear in the where their is friction heat and moisture what areas would that be ?
neck, underarms, groin, and eyelids
what is essential for good healing
good blood circulation
what are the nutrients needed for the skin cells
oxygen, vitamins, minerals, protiens, sugars, fats, gases, water, and horomones
hair is a karatinized _____ structure so no physiological factors can influence the hairs once they form
“dead”
keratinized structures are made up of what
keratin and hard protien
what doesnt affect the skin and hair growth
cutting or shaving
what 3 parts comprise the pilosebaseous system
hair shaft, hair follicle and seabaseous gland
vellus hair lacks pigmentation on what skin and has pigmentation on what skin
lacks on fair skin and has on darker skin
vellus hair develops and grows from a lobe of sebaseous gland. does vellus hair have a true follicle
no
vellus hair recieves its nurishments from where
the sebaseous gland
vellus hair may develope primitive papillae these recieve their nurishment from where
adjacent to the sebaceous gland
vellus hair develops and grows from the lobe of the sebaceous gland. does it have a true follicle
no
vellus hair recieves its nurishments from the supply available to what gland
the seabaceous gland
vellus hair may develop primitive papillae these in turn recieve what from the walls adjacent to the sebaceous gland lobes
nurishment
vellus hair are simple in structure and have what as terminal hairs do ?
3 concentric layers
vellus hair
what are 4 characteristics of terminal hair ?
terminal hairs are well developed root and bulb and definite pigmentation
the papilla contains blood supply and other elements essential for the growth of the hair.
it is not part of the follicle rather a seperate organ. they are comprised of 3 concentric layers cuticle cortex and medulla.
they grow from a follicle which can extend down as far as the hypodermis.
what are the 3 structures of terminal hair
cuticle, cortex, medulla
out of the 3 structures of terminal har which one serves to confine and protect the cortex and also gives the hair elasticity
cuticle
which structure of terminal hair have pigment granules (melanin) which color the hair
cortex
what is the definition of the hair shaft diameter
depth of the hair follicle
laser hair removal technician only need the identify the general size and diameter of hair types such as ….
fine, medium, medium coarse, coarse, and very coarse
the laser technician needs to correctly asses what to determin the proper fluence
general size of the hair shaft
fluence equals what ?
energy
finer the hair less or more malan
less
finer the hair less or more pigmentation
less
coarser the hair less or more melanin
more
coarser the hair less or more pigmentation
more
hair germ cells around the follicle and the dermal papilla are responsible for what
the development of new follicles
what is the hair follicle or follicle canal definition
a downward extension continous with the surface of the epidermis of the skin
the space your finger occupies in a ballon represents what?
the hair follicle canal and the epidermal cells surounding your finger form the outer root sheath
hair follicle matrix cells also produce where?
inner root sheath
the inner and outer root sheath constitute what
the follicle itself
the hair follicle matrix produces what
the hair shaft and inner sheath
the dermal papilla from the dermal cells contain what ?
blood vessels necessary to provide nutrients for hair growth
the sebaceous gland which enters the hair follicle in the top of the follicle produces sebum that lubricates what
hair shaft and surface of the skin
what are the 3 distinct layers of the inner root sheath hair root
cuticle layer, huxley’s layer, henle’s layer
what root sheath does not grow upwards with the hair and remains stationary
outer root sheath
