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Larynx > Larynx: Cartilage, Ligaments, Membranes > Flashcards

Larynx: Cartilage, Ligaments, Membranes Flashcards

1
Q

Biologic Functions of the Larynx:
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Prevent air from escaping
  2. Prevent objects from entering airway
  3. Expel threatening objects from larynx and airway
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2
Q

Non-Biologic Function of the Larynx:

1.

A
  1. Sound generator
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3
Q

Hyoid Bone Landmarks:
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Body/Corpus
  2. Greater Cornua
  3. Lesser Cornua
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4
Q

Hyoid Bone Shape:

A

Letter “U” shaped floating structure

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5
Q

Hyoid bone moves ____1____, which causes _____2_____ and is important for ____3____.

A
  1. up and down
  2. changes to voice quality
  3. safe swallowing.
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6
Q

Hyoid bone is point of attachment for ___________.

A

At least 6 muscles

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7
Q 
Thyroid Cartilage Landmarks: 
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6.
A
  1. Superior Cornua
  2. Inferior Cornua
  3. Oblique Line
  4. Thyroid Angle- where left and right lamina meet
  5. Lamina- large sections of thyroid cartilage
  6. Thyroid Notch- dip between two lamina, above thyroid angle
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8
Q

Thyroid Cartilage Shape:

A

Shield-Like, largest cartilage in Larynx

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9
Q 
Cricoid Cartilage Landmarks: 
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
  1. Anterior Arch- curved front portion
  2. Lamina- two”plate-like” sides
  3. Facets- four places of attachment, 2 on superior surface for arytenoids and 2 on lateral surface for thyroid
  4. Posterior Quadrate Lamina
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10
Q

Cricoid Cartilage Shape:

A

Signet shaped “class ring”

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11
Q

Cricoid Cartilage Location:

A

Most inferior cartilage of larynx, below thyroid cartilage and superior to trachea

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12
Q 
Arytenoid Cartilage Landmarks: 
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
  1. Apex
  2. Base
  3. Processes- two muscular and two vocal processes
  4. Three surfaces, pyramid-shaped
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13
Q

Arytenoid Cartilage Shape:

A

Pyramid-like

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14
Q

Arytenoid Cartilage Location:

A

Sits on surface of Cricoid Cartilage

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15
Q

Corniculate Cartilage Location:

A

One on the apex of each Arytenoid

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16
Q

Epiglottis Location:

A

Attaches to inner thyroid at the thyroid angle

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17
Q

Epiglottis Shape:

A

Large, Leaf-Like piece of cartilage

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18
Q

Epiglottis Function:

A

As larynx elevates in neck, epiglottis flips down to channel food into esophagus.

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19
Q

Cuneiform Cartilage Location:

A

Two cuneiform cartilages located in Aryepiglottic fold

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20
Q

Aryepiglottic Fold:

A

Fold of tissues running from arytenoids to epiglottis

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21
Q

Laryngeal Joints:
1.
2.

A
  1. Cricoarytenoid Joint

2. Cricothyroid Joint

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22
Q

Cricoarytenoid Joint Movements:
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Rocking, in and out
  2. Gliding, together and apart
  3. Rotation (slight)
23
Q

Cricoarytenoid Joint Functions:
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Adduction and Abduction of vocal folds
  2. Changes the length of vocal folds
  3. Improves sound quality
24
Q

Cricothyroid Joint Movements:
1.
2.

A
  1. Rotation, of thyroid up and down

2. Gliding, ant and post of horn

25
Q

Cricothyroid Joint Functions:
1.
2.

A
  1. Stretching and shortening of vocal folds

2. Affects pitch (frequency)

26
Q 
Extrinsic Laryngeal Membranes and Ligaments: 
1.
2.
3.
4. 
5.
A
  1. Thyrohyoid membrane
  2. Middle Thyrohyoid Ligament
  3. Lateral Thyrohyoid Ligament
  4. Hyoepiglottic Ligament
  5. Cricotracheal Ligament
27
Q

Extrinsic Layrngeal Membrane and Ligaments Function:

A
  1. Connect larynx to adjacent structures
28
Q

Thyrohyoid Membrane Location:

A

Occupies space between the hyoid bone and superior border of thyroid cartilage

29
Q

Middle Thyrohyoid Ligament Location:

A

Between corpus and thyroid notch

30
Q

Lateral Thyrohyoid Ligament Location:

A

Between greater horns of hyoid and superior horns of thyroid cartilage

31
Q

Hyoepiglottic Ligament:

A

Attaches hyoid to epiglottis

32
Q

Cricotracheal Ligament:

A

Attaches cricoid cartilage to trachea, wraps around circularly

33
Q 
Intrinsic Laryngeal Membranes and Ligaments: 
1. 
2.
3.
4.
5. 
6.
A
  1. Conus Elasticus
    1. Medial Cricothyroid Ligament
    2. Lateral Cricothyroid Membranes (vocal ligaments)
  2. . Quadrangular Membranes
    1. Ventricular/Vestibular Folds (ventricular ligaments)
    2. Aryepiglottic Folds
34
Q

Superior vs Inferior Intrinsic Laryngeal Membranes and Ligaments:

  1. Superior:
  2. Inferior:
A
  1. Superior: Quadrangular Membranes

2. Conus Elasticus

35
Q

Conus Elasticus Location:

  1. Connects:
  2. Runs from:
A
  1. Connects inner surface of cricoid with arytenoids and thyroid cartilages.
  2. Runs from cricoid arch to true vocal folds
36
Q

Conus Elasticus Composed of:
1.
2.

A
  1. Medial Cricothyroid Ligament

2. Lateral Cricothyroid Membranes (Vocal Ligaments)

37
Q

Quadrangular Membranes Location (connects):

A

Margins from lateral side of epiglottis, angle of thyroid cartilage, apex and medial surfaces of arytenoids.

38
Q

Quadrangular Membrane Composed of:
1.
2.

A
  1. Ventricular Ligaments/Vestibular Folds (False vocal folds) (inferiorly)
  2. Aryepiglottic folds (superiorly)
39
Q

Ventricular Folds aka ____1____ and are formed from the ____2_____.

A
  1. False Vocal Folds

2. Ventricular Ligament

40
Q

Borders of Larynx:

  1. Superior:
  2. Inferior:
A
  1. Superior: Aditus Laryngis (entrance to larynx)

2. Inferior: cricoid cartilage

41
Q 
Larynx Spaces: 
1. 
2. 
3. 
4.
5. 
6.
A
  1. Glottis
  2. Supraglottal
    1. Vestibule
    2. Ventricle
    3. False Glottis
  3. Subglottal
42
Q

Borders of Aditus Laryngis:

  1. Anterior:
  2. Posterior:
  3. Lateral:
A
  1. Anterior: Epiglottis
  2. Lateral: Aryepiglottic Folds
  3. Posterior: Apex of Arytenoids
43
Q

Glottis Location:

A

Space between true vocal folds

44
Q

Two parts of Glottis:
1.
2.

A
  1. Membraneous: space between membraneous part of vocal folds
  2. Cartilaginous: space between arytenoids
45
Q

Supraglottal Location:

A

Space between Aditus Laryngis and Glottis

46
Q

Supraglottal Spaces:
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Vestibule: region between Aditus Laryngis and ventricular ligaments (false vocal folds)
  2. Ventricle: space between false vocal folds and true vocal folds
  3. False Glottis: Space between false vocal folds
47
Q

Subglottal Location:

A

Space below Glottis to inferior border of larynx

48
Q

True Vocal Folds

  1. Orgin:
  2. Insertion:
  3. Course:
A
  1. Origin: inner thyroid cartilage at angle
  2. Insertion: Arytenoid Cartilages
  3. Course: Posterior
49
Q

True Vocal Folds Composed of ___________.

A

5 Layers of Tissue

50
Q 
True Vocal Folds Layers, Superficial to Deep
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5.
A
  1. Epithelium
  2. Superficial Lamina Propria
  3. Intermediate Lamina Propria
  4. Deep Lamina Propria
  5. Thyroarytenoid Muscle
51
Q

True Vocal Folds Layers: Covers
1.
2.

A
  1. Epithelium

2. Superficial Lamina Propria

52
Q

True Vocal Folds Layers: Comprise the Vocal Ligament:
1.
2.

A
  1. Intermediate Lamina Propria

2. Deep Lamina Propria

53
Q

True Vocal Fold Layers: Thyroarytenoid Muscle Composition:
1.
2.

A
  1. Thyrovocalis Muscle (medial, closest to glottis)

2. Thyromuscularis Muscle: Lateral

Larynx (2 decks)

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