Larynx and Pharynx Flashcards
On the thyroid…Plates/Laminae = adams apple are wider angles in men or women
wider angle in females, less angle in males
Attaches to superior cornu
thyrohyoid membrane attaches here
Attaches to inferior cornu
-articulates w/ cricoid cartilage
a. Broad posterior lamina; gets large
b. Anterior arch; narrow
c. Forms complete ring; ONLY one that makes ring around
Cricoid cartiledge1
Sit on top of posterior lamina. 2 of them sit there, connect to cricoid via synovial joints
Arytenoids
Actions of arytenoids
ability to move/twist/glide→ All affects voice!
- d/t flat articular surface
- move medially and come closer together
- go anteriorly and slide forward
- can twist/rotate
Vocal Process: projects anteriorly/posteriorly or laterally?
Vocal Process: projects anteriorly
-vocal ligament attaches then to inside surface of thyroid cartiledge
Muscular processes connect:
Posterior and lateraly: musclular process
- contracts allow it to swivel
Where does the Corniculate lay
a. ontop of aryetnoids
Epiglottic Cartildge connects where?
What type is it?
a. Connects to inside surface of thyroid
b. Elastic cartiledge—more flexible
Tent-like fibrous sheets projecting medially; think the support where tent has surface is akin to vocal ligs
Lateral cricothyroid Ligaments
Lateral cricothyroid Ligaments
medially connects to vocal ligament
Thickended, superior, free edge of crocovocal membranes
Vocal ligaments
Cricovocal membranes + vocal ligaments
Conus elasticus
Quadrangular lies:
from epiglottis→ cartiledges;
mucosa over vestibular ligaments
Vestibular folds
mucosa covering vocal ligaments, cricovocal membranes + vocalis muscles
Vocal folds
AIRWAY: Space between vocal folds in horizontal plane
Rima Glottis
Space superior to vocal folds
Vestibule of Larynx
btwn vestibular and vocal folds = space
Ventricle of Larnx
Space inferior to vocal chords
Infraglottic cavity
connects tongue and epiglottis
Glossoepiglottic fold
Aditus laryngius
laryngeal inlet~ opening of larynx
extend from artenoid cartilages to epiglottis, make up lateral wall of aditus laryngis
aryepiglottic folds
Pear shaped space lateral to aryepglottic fold
Piriform recess
tilts thyroid cart anteriorly, elongating and tightening
a. vocal ligements: pulled on to ↑ pitch of voice
Cricothyroids
Cricothyroids innervated by:
External Larnyngeal (ONLY ONE!!)
pulls arytenoid cartilededs together—thus affect width of rima glottidis or airway
Transverse Arythenoids
Innervation of Transverse Arythenoids
Recurrent laryngeal
Muscle that goes from one arytenoid cartiledge to other
Transverse Arytenoids
like drawstring—shorten and contract to squeeze or push down on sides of atidus laryngus and pull on epiglottic fold
Oblique arytenoids
Innervation of oblique arytenoids
recurrent layrngeal
Pulls muscluar processes towards middle to ABduct vocal folds and open airway
a. cnxt and cause the arytenoid carts to swivel and twist so that the vocal processes end up farther apart and the rima glottidis opens up wider!
Posterior Cricoarytenoids
Innervation of Posterior Cricoarytenoids
recurrently larnygeal
Only muscle to open up the airway
Posterior Cricoarytenoids
This muscle is from muscular processes of arytenoid cartiledges→ posterior part of cricoid
Posterior cricoarytenoids
pulls arytenoid cartlage anteriorly to lower tension on vocal ligaments: ligaments become slack
Result: DECREASE pitch of voice
Thyroarytenoids
Decreases pitch of voice
Thyroarytenoids
Innervation of Thyroarytenoids
recurrent larnygeal
Only muslce innervated by external larnygeal
Cricothyroids
pulls muscluar processes anteriorly or forward to ADDUct vocal folds
the arythenoid cartiledges will go in opposite direction as what the posterior cricoarytenoids do by ABBducting or closing rima glottidis
Results = closes rima glottidis/aiway
Lateral Cricoarytenoids
ADDucts vocal cords
Lateral Cricoarytenoids
Innervation of Lateral Cricoarytenoids
recurrent
Nerve that has Both Sensory and motor
and 2 Branches: Internal and External
Superior Laryngeal N.
sensory to mucosa above vocal cords with ANS component
-pierces the thyrohyoid membrane
Internal Larnygeal N
Motor to cricothyroid muscle
External Laryngeal N.
- Sensory to mucosa below the vocal folds
- Motor to all Intrinsic muscles except cricothyroid muscle
- Find in groove btwn trachea and esophogus
REcurrent L. N
travels w/ superior laryngeal n piercing the thyroihyoid membrane
Superior thyroid artery
Inability to move one of the vocal cords bc recurrent laryngeal is wiped out. Bad deal bc wipes out all intrinsics so can’t make sound! eeks
Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy
