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Pathoma - Respiratory Tract Pathology > Larynx > Flashcards

Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is Acute Epiglottitis?

A

Inflammation of the epiglottis

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of Acute Epiglottitis in both immunized and non-immunized children?

A

H influenzae type b (especially in non-immunized children)

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3
Q

What does Acute Epiglottitis present with?

A
  • High fever
  • Sore throat
  • Drooling with dysphagia
  • Muffled voice
  • Inspiratory stridor
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4
Q

What is the risk associated with Acute Epiglottitis?

A

Airway obstruction

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5
Q

What is important to remember about Acute Epiglottitis?

A

It’a a medical EMERGENCY – due to airway obstruction

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6
Q

What is the common name for Laryngotracheobronchitis?

A

Croup

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7
Q

What is Laryngotracheobronchitis?

A

Inflammation of the upper airway

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8
Q

What is the most common cause of Laryngotracheobronchitis?

A

Parainfluenza virus

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9
Q

What does Laryngotracheobronchitis present with?

A
  • Hoarse, “barking” cough

- Inspiratory stridor

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10
Q

What is the common name for Vocal Cord Nodule?

A

Singer’s Nodule

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11
Q

What is a Vocal Cord Nodule?

A

Nodule that arises on the true vocal cord

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12
Q

What causes a Vocal Cord Nodule?

A

Excessive use of vocal cords (wear & tear)

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13
Q

How do Vocal Cord Nodules usually present?

A

Bilateral

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14
Q

What are Vocal Cord Nodules composed of?

A

Degenerative (myxoid) connective tissue

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15
Q

What do Vocal Cord Nodules present with?

A

Hoarseness

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16
Q

How does a Vocal Cord Nodule resolve?

A

With resting of the voice

17
Q

What is a laryngeal papilloma?

A

Benign papillary tumor of the vocal cord

18
Q

What causes a laryngeal papilloma?

A

HPV 6 and HPV 11

19
Q

How do laryngeal papillomas usually present in adults and children?

A

Usually single in adults

Usually bilateral in children

20
Q

What do Laryngeal Papillomas usually present with?

A

Hoarseness

21
Q

What is a Laryngeal Carcinoma?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma usually arising from the epithelial lining of the vocal cord

22
Q

What are risk factors for Laryngeal Carcinoma?

A

Alcohol & Tobacco

23
Q

What can Laryngeal Carcinoma rarely arise from?

A

Laryngeal Papilloma (HPV-6, 11)

24
Q

What does Laryngeal Carcinoma present with?

A

Hoarseness

Other signs: cough, stridor (harsh, vibrating noise when breathing)

Pathoma - Respiratory Tract Pathology (9 decks)

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