Larynx Flashcards
What is Acute Epiglottitis?
Inflammation of the epiglottis
What is the most common cause of Acute Epiglottitis in both immunized and non-immunized children?
H influenzae type b (especially in non-immunized children)
What does Acute Epiglottitis present with?
- High fever
- Sore throat
- Drooling with dysphagia
- Muffled voice
- Inspiratory stridor
What is the risk associated with Acute Epiglottitis?
Airway obstruction
What is important to remember about Acute Epiglottitis?
It’a a medical EMERGENCY – due to airway obstruction
What is the common name for Laryngotracheobronchitis?
Croup
What is Laryngotracheobronchitis?
Inflammation of the upper airway
What is the most common cause of Laryngotracheobronchitis?
Parainfluenza virus
What does Laryngotracheobronchitis present with?
- Hoarse, “barking” cough
- Inspiratory stridor
What is the common name for Vocal Cord Nodule?
Singer’s Nodule
What is a Vocal Cord Nodule?
Nodule that arises on the true vocal cord
What causes a Vocal Cord Nodule?
Excessive use of vocal cords (wear & tear)
How do Vocal Cord Nodules usually present?
Bilateral
What are Vocal Cord Nodules composed of?
Degenerative (myxoid) connective tissue
What do Vocal Cord Nodules present with?
Hoarseness
How does a Vocal Cord Nodule resolve?
With resting of the voice
What is a laryngeal papilloma?
Benign papillary tumor of the vocal cord
What causes a laryngeal papilloma?
HPV 6 and HPV 11
How do laryngeal papillomas usually present in adults and children?
Usually single in adults
Usually bilateral in children
What do Laryngeal Papillomas usually present with?
Hoarseness
What is a Laryngeal Carcinoma?
Squamous cell carcinoma usually arising from the epithelial lining of the vocal cord
What are risk factors for Laryngeal Carcinoma?
Alcohol & Tobacco
What can Laryngeal Carcinoma rarely arise from?
Laryngeal Papilloma (HPV-6, 11)
What does Laryngeal Carcinoma present with?
Hoarseness
Other signs: cough, stridor (harsh, vibrating noise when breathing)
