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PSTMT > LARGE GROUP > Flashcards

LARGE GROUP Flashcards

1
Q

o In one place for a COMMON ACTIVITY
o a group is where two or more individuals who are connected to one another by social relationships
o Three elements: the number of individuals involved; connection, and relationship.
o Follows NORMS

A

GROUP

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2
Q

Benefits of a Large Group

A
  • Offers an efficient way to reach the most number of learners in a limited time
  • Goal is to maximize learning through exchange of ideas
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3
Q

Benefits of a Large Group

A
  • Offers an efficient way to reach the most number of learners in a limited time
  • Goal is to maximize learning through exchange of ideas
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4
Q

Group is where …

A
  • Group of people
  • Gathered in one place
  • With a common activity
  • With interaction
  • Following group norms
  • Working towards a common goal
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5
Q
  • Most common strategy used by teachers
  • Carefully prepared oral presentation of a subject by a qualified expert
  • Efficient strategy to reach a large number of students in a limited time
  • Focus on major points of the topic and not too lengthy
  • Need to “refresh the lecture”
  • Combined with other presentation methods
  • Content-oriented
A

LECTURE

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6
Q

Uses of Lecture

A
  1. To present factual material or a point of view directly
  2. To entertain or inspire an audience: Accounts of personal experiences
  3. To present up-to-date information on current research
  4. To review, clarify, emphasize or summarize
  5. To correct misconceptions
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7
Q

ADVANTAGES OF LECTURE

A
  1. Suitable for audiences of any size
  2. Easy to organize
  3. Some learn more easily by listening
  4. Efficient for passing on factual knowledge & conceptual learning
  5. Economic: Staff use and Time
  6. Can be easily recorded
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8
Q

LIMITATIONS OF LECTURE

A
  1. Passive audience
  2. Limited feedback
  3. Not effective for teaching skills or developing attitudes
  4. One-way communication
  5. Students who are not auditory learners or are weak in notetaking will have a harder time
  6. Effectiveness of lectures depends on: Oral skills and Personality of the lecturer
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9
Q
  • Basic method of instruction for teaching skill-type subject matter
  • Observe the performance of a task or procedure
  • Used with both large and small groups
  • May be live or prerecorded
  • Imparts both knowledge & skills
  • Learner carries out the activity under the guidance of the instructor • Visual presentation + oral discussion
A

DEMONSTRATION

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10
Q

USES OF DEMONSTRATION

A
  1. To teach people to carry out a particular task, skill, or procedure
  2. To convince others that a new product has merit
  3. To set standards of workmanship
  4. To teach safety procedures
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11
Q

ADVANTAGES OF DEMONSTRATION

A
  1. Use of actual materials
  2. Flexible pace
  3. Utilizes several senses
  4. Stimulates interest
  5. Presents ideas and concepts more clearly
  6. Provides direct experiences
  7. Reinforces learning
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12
Q

LIMITATIONS OF DEMONSTRATION

A
  1. Considerable time and expense
  2. If a limited number of materials are available, some members of the group may not be occupied
  3. Requires careful preparation & rehearsal
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13
Q
  • A series of brief lectures on related topics
  • Each speaker presents only one aspect of the topic
  • Talks should be short: 10-15 minutes
  • Moderator summarizes and will be followed by open discussion
  • Structured, formal method
  • Set beforehand: Order and Duration of presentation
  • Commonly used method during conventions or postgrad programs
  • More organized than the panel: Each speaker has prepared his/her part well
A

FORUM-SYMPOSIUM

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14
Q

USES OF FORUM-SYMPOSIUM

A
  1. To tackle & analyze the different aspects of the topic
  2. To clarify aspects of a complex problem & show the relation of the parts to the whole
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15
Q

ADVANTAGES OF FORUM-SYMPOSIUM

A
  1. Permits audience participation
  2. Allows for several points of view
  3. More comprehensive subject coverage is possible
  4. Short speeches keep the audience alert
  5. Excellent device for informing an audience and crystallizing opinion
  6. Develops cooperation
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16
Q

LIMITATIONS OF FORUM-SYMPOSIUM

A
  1. Success of the forum depends on how well the speakers have prepared the lectures, ability of the moderator, and maturity of the audience
  2. Heated debates may be stimulating, but they inhibit the development of consensus
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17
Q

ROLES OF THE CHAIRPERSON

A
  1. Introduces the issue
  2. Introduces the speakers
  3. Conducts the forum
    • Summarizes the discussion
    • Provides link between presentations
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18
Q
  • Group of 4 to 8
  • Special knowledge of the subject
  • Hold an orderly conversation on an assigned topic
  • Similar purposes with the forum-symposium
A

PANEL DISCUSSION

19
Q

DIFFERENCE OF PANEL DISCUSSION

A
  1. Degree of control by the chairperson & speakers

2. Formality of the method of presentation

20
Q

USES OF PANEL DISCUSSION

A
  1. To identify and explore a problem or issue.
  2. To give the audience an understanding of the various parts of a problem.
  3. To weigh the advantages and disadvantages of a course of action.
21
Q

DISADVANTAGES OF PANEL DISCUSSION

A
  1. No formal presentation to deliver
  2. Knowledgeable about the topic
  3. Prepared & anticipated possible topics for discussion
  4. Chosen based on their expertise
22
Q

HOW TO RUN A PANEL DISCUSSION

A
  1. Chairperson introduces issue and problems
  2. Chairperson starts informal discussion with questions
  3. Discussants express views and information about the topic and interact with one another
  4. Chairperson serves as a moderator, clarifying and restating issue, redirects discussion, and summarizes points,
  5. Open Forum may follow
  6. Chairperson ends by summarizing major points
23
Q

PROS OF PANEL DISCUSSION

A
  1. Chairperson has more control
  2. Experts present different opinions and can provoke better discussion than a one-person discussion.
  3. Open forum for audience
  4. Informal contact with the audience.
  5. Frequent changes of speaker and viewpoint keep the audience interested and stimulate discussion.
24
Q

CONS OF PANEL DISCUSSION

A
  1. Less organized than a symposium
  2. Not cover all aspects of the problem or may over-emphasize one aspect.
  3. Extreme differences of opinion among the panel may block progress toward a solution.
  4. Requires a skilled moderator.
  5. Personalities may overshadow content.
  6. Experts are often not effective speakers.
25
Q

USES OF COLLOQUY

A
  1. To identify and explore a problem or issue.
  2. To give the audience an understanding of the various parts of a problem.
  3. To weigh the advantages and disadvantages of a course of action.
26
Q

PROS OF COLLOQUY

A
  1. Provides audience representation and feedback from audience to expert.
  2. Permits presentation of various sides of an issue.
  3. Variety of speakers and presentations stimulates interest of members of the audience.
27
Q

CONS OF COLLOQUY

A
  1. Difficult for the moderator to hold the participants to the topic under discussion.
  2. Audience members are in a primarily passive role.
  3. Some members may want to “hog the show.”
  4. Extreme difference of opinion among the group members may block progress toward a solution.
28
Q
  1. Similar to panel discussion
  2. Expert discussants
  3. Chairperson
  4. Audience can ask or comment anytime
  5. No separate Open Forum
A

SINGLE PANEL COLLOQUY

29
Q
  1. Modified version of the panel using 6 to 8 persons — half representing the audience, and half serving as resource people or experts.
  2. Expert Panel
  3. No active role in discussion
  4. Lay Panel
  5. Discuss topic
  6. Throw questions at Expert Panel if needed
  7. Open Forum follows
A

TWO PANEL COLLOQUY

30
Q

• A group of people engaged in specialized study led by a recognized authority in the subject being studied:
Experts/ Authorities gives inputs about lesson at hand and lectures
• Single session or a series of sessions
• Use is to study a subject in depth under the guidance of an authority

A

SEMINAR

31
Q

PROS OF SEMINAR

A
  1. Recognized authority is available to guide discussion and to assist the learners
  2. Detailed and systematic discussion and inquiry can take place
  3. All members of the group have the opportunity to participate
32
Q

CONS OF SEMINAR

A
  1. Difficult to find the right person to direct the seminar
  2. Presence of an expert may inhibit participation of some members 3. Difficult to find all the source materials desired
33
Q

ADVANTAGES OF SEMINAR

A
  1. A recognized authority is available to guide discussion and to assist the learners.
  2. Detailed and systematic discussion and inquiry can take place.
  3. All members of the group have the opportunity to participate, over time, in the discussion and in formal presentations
34
Q

LIMITATIONS OF SEMINAR

A
  1. It may be difficult to find the right person to direct the seminar.
  2. Members may not want to spend all the time required for preparation or reports.
  3. The presence of an expert may inhibit participation of some members.
  4. It may be difficult to find all the source materials desired.
35
Q
  • Concepts
  • Application of didactics through practicing skills
  • Lecturettes, Discussion and Processing
A

WORKSHOPS WITH PLENARY

36
Q

USES OF WORKSHOP

A
  1. To identify, explore and seek solutions to a problem.

2. To permit extensive study of a situation, including its background and social or philosophical implications

37
Q

PROS OF WORKSHOP

A
  1. Opportunity for preparation for specific vocational, professional or community service functions
  2. Permits a high degree of individual participation.
  3. Provides group determination of goals and methods
38
Q

CONS OF WORKSHOP

A
  1. Requires a lot of time
  2. Requires a high proportion of staff to participants
  3. May require special facilities or materials
  4. Participants must be willing to work both independently and cooperatively.
39
Q
  • Summary
  • Critique
  • Feedback
A

PLENARY SESSION

40
Q

HOW TO RUN A SEMINAR, WORKSHOP AND PLENARY SESSION

A
  • Responsibilities for the giving of reports are assigned and these are prepared in advance of the seminar.
  • Reports are made, including the use of visuals and written handouts if needed.
  • Reports/ Lectures are given.
  • Break into groups for Workshop.
  • Evaluation and follow-up as needed either within workshop proper or during the plenary.
  • Groups converge for summary, processing of the workshop, feedback of seminar and workshop, presentation of outputs, etc.
41
Q

PROS OF PLENARY SESSION

A

• PROS

  1. Knowledge and Skills teaching
  2. Best if output is expected
42
Q

CONS OF PLENARY SESSION

A

• CONS

  1. Needs a lot of preparation
  2. Plenary Session is moderator-dependent
43
Q
  • Discussion between two people or public dialogue
A

DISCUSSION

PSTMT (3 decks)

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